Sperm donationSperm donation is the provision by a man of his sperm for the artificial insemination or other "fertility treatment" of one or more females who are not his sexual partners in order that they may become pregnant by him. Where pregnancies go to full term, the sperm donor will be the biological father of every baby born from his donations.
Artificial inseminationPregnancy through in vivo fertilizationMedical interventionArtificial insemination is the deliberate introduction of sperm into the cervix or uterine cavity for the purpose of achieving pregnancy through in vivo fertilization by means other than sexual intercourse. It is a fertility treatment for humans, and is a common practice in animal breeding, including cattle (see frozen bovine semen) and pigs.
Human Fertilisation and Embryology AuthorityThe Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority (HFEA) is an executive non-departmental public body of the Department of Health and Social Care in the United Kingdom. It is a statutory body that regulates and inspects all clinics in the United Kingdom providing in vitro fertilisation (IVF), artificial insemination and the storage of human eggs, sperm or embryos. It also regulates human embryo research.
SemenSemen, also known as seminal fluid, is a bodily fluid that contains spermatozoa from the male gonads of animals. In humans and placental mammals, seminal fluid is ejaculated through the penis via the urethra.
Sexual intercourseSex, more formally known as sexual intercourse, coitus, or copulation, is an intimate social activity typically involving the insertion of the erect male penis inside the female vagina and followed by thrusting motions for erotic pleasure, biological reproduction, or both. This specific type of sex is also known as vaginal intercourse (or vaginal sex).
PregnancyTime of offspring development in mother's bodyMedical conditionPregnancy is the time during which one or more offspringgestates inside a woman's uterus. A multiple pregnancy involves more than one offspring, such as with twins. Conception usually occurs following vaginal intercourse, but can also occur through assisted reproductive technology procedures. A pregnancy may end in a live birth, a miscarriage, an induced abortion, or a stillbirth.
Food and Drug AdministrationThe Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is a federal agency of the United States Department of Health and Human Services (HHS).EU Tissue DirectiveThe EU Tissue Directive —Directive 2004/23/EC— sets standards of quality and safety for the donation, procurement, testing, processing, preservation, storage and distribution (including import and export in/out of the EU) of human tissues and cells intended for human application. It was adopted by the European Parliament on 7 April 2004 and came into effect between 7 April 2006 and 7 April 2007.
European UnionThe European Union (EU) is a political and economic union of 27 member states that are located primarily in Europe. A supranational union with a total area of 4,233,255 km2 (1,634,469 sq mi) and an estimated population of just under 452 million as of 2026, its member states generated a nominal gross domestic product (GDP) of around €18.802 trillion in 2025, accounting for approximately one sixth of global economic output.
Medical historyThe medical history, case history, or anamnesis (from Greek: ἀνά, aná, "again", and μνήσις, mnesis, "memory") of a patient is a set of information the physicians collect over medical interviews. It involves the patient, and eventually people close to them, so to collect reliable/objective information for managing the medical diagnosis and proposing efficient medical treatments.Third-party reproductionThird-party reproduction or donor-assisted reproduction is any human reproduction in which DNA or gestation is provided by a third party or donor other than the one or two parents who will raise the resulting child. This goes beyond the traditional father–mother model, and the third party's involvement is limited to the reproductive process and does not extend into the raising of the child.
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