Awami LeagueThe Bangladesh Awami League, commonly known as the Awami League, was a political party in Bangladesh and its predecessor East Pakistan. Founded on 23 June 1949, it played a vital role in the country's struggle for independence. The party had maintained a sole dominance over the country's political system between 2009 and 2024, before being ousted in the July Uprising. Due to its role in July massacre, since May 2025, all activities of the party are banned in Bangladesh.Anisur Rahman (economist)Anisur Rahman (1933 – 5 January 2025) was a Bangladeshi economist and intellectual, known for his significant contributions to the Bangladeshi independence movement. Along with Dr. Sadeque, Nurul Islam, Habibur Rahman, and Akhlaqur Rahman, Rahman was involved in developing the two-economy theory, which helped in providing a scientific understanding of the economic disparities between West Pakistan (Pakistan since 1971) and East Pakistan (Bangladesh since 1971).
East PakistanFormer provincial wing of Pakistan (1956–1971)Today part ofBangladesh
LahoreCapital of Punjab, PakistanMegacity in Punjab, PakistanLahore is the capital and largest city of the Pakistani province of Punjab. It is the second-largest city in Pakistan, after Karachi, and 27th largest in the world, with a population of over 14 million. Lahore is one of Pakistan's major industrial, educational and economic hubs.
Tashkent DeclarationThe Tashkent Declaration was signed between India and Pakistan on 10 January 1966 to resolve the Indo-Pakistani War of 1965. Peace was achieved on 23 September through interventions by the Soviet Union and the United States, both of which pushed the two warring countries towards a ceasefire in an attempt to avoid any escalation that could draw in other powers.
Economic discriminationEconomic discrimination is discrimination based on economic factors. These factors can include job availability, wages, the prices and/or availability of goods and services, and the amount of capital investment funding available to minorities for business. This can include discrimination against workers, consumers, and minority-owned businesses.
West PakistanToday part ofPakistanWest Pakistan was the western province of Pakistan between 1955 and 1970, covering the territory of present-day Pakistan. Its land borders were with Afghanistan, India and Iran, with a maritime border with Oman in the Gulf of Oman in the Arabian Sea. Following its independence from British rule, the new Dominion of Pakistan comprised two non-contiguous regions, with East and West Pakistan geographically separated from each other by India.
Partition of IndiaThe partition of India in 1947 was the division of British India into two independent dominion states, the Union of India and Dominion of Pakistan. The Union of India is today the Republic of India, and the Dominion of Pakistan is the Islamic Republic of Pakistan and the People's Republic of Bangladesh. The partition involved the division of two provinces, Bengal and the Punjab, based on district-wide non-Muslim (mostly Hindu and Sikh) or Muslim majorities.
BangladeshBangladesh, officially the People's Republic of Bangladesh, is a country in South Asia. It is the eighth-most populous country in the world with a population of almost 177.8 million people within an area of 148,461 square kilometres (57,321 sq mi). Bangladesh shares land borders with India to the north, west, and east, and Myanmar to the southeast.
Sheikh Mujibur RahmanBangladeshi revolutionary and statesman (1920–1975)Personal detailsBorn(1920-03-17)17 March 1920Tungipara, Bengal Presidency, British IndiaDied15 August 1975(1975-08-15) (aged 55)Dhanmondi, Dacca Division, BangladeshCause of deathAssassinationResting placeMausoleum of Sheikh Mujibur RahmanPartyBangladesh Krishak Sramik Awami League (1975)Other politicalaffiliationsAll-India Muslim League (1937–1947)Pakistan Muslim League (1947–1949)All-Pakistan Awami League (1949–1971)Bangladesh Awami League (1971–1975)SpouseBegum FazilatunnesaChildrenHasinaKamalJamalRehanaRusselParentsSheikh Lutfar Rahman (father)Sheikh Sayera Khatun (mother)RelativesTungipara Sheikh familyEducationIslamia College, Calcutta (BA)University of DhakaOccupationInsurance executivepoliticianauthorstatesmanAwardsJoliot-Curie Medal of PeaceIndependence AwardGandhi Peace PrizeSAARC Literary AwardNicknameKhokaWriting careerYears active1967–1968GenresMemoirtravelogueNotable worksThe Unfinished MemoirsThe Prison DiariesNew China 1952SignatureEarly life and educationSheikh FamilyAssassination of the familyIndependence movementSix Point programAgartala Conspiracy Case1969 East Pakistan mass uprising7th March SpeechNon-cooperation movementDeclaration of IndependenceArrestBangladesh Liberation WarMujib BahiniParties and AlliancesAwami LeagueBaKSALElectoral history195419701973MinistriesFirst ministrySecond ministryThird ministryFourth ministryPresidencies (1971–1972, 1975)Provisional GovernmentBaKSALSecond revolutionCoup d'étatAssassinationPremiership (1972–1975)Constituent Assembly of BangladeshConstitution of Bangladesh1972–1975 Bangladesh insurgencyIndo-Bangla Treaty of Friendship, Cooperation and PeaceBangladesh famine of 1974Sheikh Mujibur Rahman's 1974 speech at the United NationsJatiya Rakkhi BahiniInternational presidential tripsFilms and Documentaries1971: Inside and OutsideAugust 1975Bangladesh: A Legacy of BloodThe Assassin Next Door (documentary)Bhat De Haramzada, Noile Manchitro KhaboChironjeeb MujibDeyalMujib Amar PitaKhoka Theke Bangabandhu Jatir PitaHasina: A Daughter's TaleAmader Choto Russel ShonaAmar Fashi ChaiHuliyaJochona O Jononir Golpo"Jodi Raat Pohale Shona Jeto"Mujib: The Making of a Nation"Shono Ekti Mujiborer Theke"The Black CoatTungiparar Miya BhaiMujib BhaiHuey Tum AjnabiChildren of WarJo Bichar GayeEmergencyLegacyBirthdayMemorial TrustMujibismMujibnagarMujib coatMujib YearMritunjoyi MujibNamesakesArtistic depictionsMujib's personality cultMedia GallerytSheikh Mujibur Rahman (17 March 1920 – 15 August 1975) was a Bangladeshi politician, revolutionary, statesman, activist, and diarist who was the founding president of Bangladesh.Nurul Islam (economist)Nurul Islam (1 April 1929 – 9 May 2023) was a Bangladeshi economist, philanthropist, and politician. Islam is famous for his contributions during the independence war of Bangladesh, as well as for his pivotal role in the economy and foreign affairs during the 1970s as cabinet minister and deputy chairman of the Planning Commission.
Rehman SobhanRehman Sobhan (Bengali: রেহমান সোবহান; born 12 March 1935) is a Bangladeshi economist. Regarded as one of the country's top public thinkers, he is the founder and the current chairman of the Centre for Policy Dialogue (CPD), an organisation active in open public discussions of policy issues, particularly in the area of governance.*As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases.