Direction findingDirection finding (DF), radio direction finding (RDF), or radiogoniometry is the use of radio waves to determine the direction to a radio source. The source may be a cooperating radio transmitter or may be an inadvertent source, a naturally occurring radio source, or an illicit or enemy system.
Battle of the AtlanticNaval campaign in World War IIBelligerentsUnited KingdomUnited StatesSoviet UnionCanadaBrazilOther participants:Norway France PolandNetherlandsBelgiumGreece Australia New ZealandNewfoundland India South Africa Germany ItalyCommanders and leadersLeonard W. MurrayDudley Pound #Andrew CunninghamMartin Dunbar-NasmithPercy NobleMax HortonFrederick BowhillPhilip de la FertéJohn SlessorRoyal E. IngersollJonas H. IngramErich RaederKarl DönitzH.G. von FriedeburgEberhard GodtAlfred SaalwächterWilhelm MarschallTheodor KranckeMartin HarlinghausenUlrich KesslerAngelo ParonaRomolo PolacchiniEnzo GrossiCasualties and losses36,200 killed (naval)36,000 killed (merchant navy)3,500 merchant vessels lost175 warships lost741 RAF Coastal Command aircraft lost in anti-submarine sorties ≈30,000 U-boat sailors killed783 submarines lost47 other warships lost c. 500 killed17 submarines lostThe Battle of the Atlantic, the longest continuous military campaign in World War II, ran from 1939 to the defeat of Nazi Germany in 1945, covering a major part of the naval history of World War II.
List of intelligence gathering disciplinesThis is a list of intelligence gathering disciplines. HUMINTHuman intelligence (HUMINT) are gathered from a person in the location in question.
CryptanalysisCryptanalysis (from Greekkryptós'hidden' and analýein'to analyze') refers to the process of analyzing information systems in order to understand hidden aspects of the systems. Cryptanalysis is used to breach cryptographic security systems and gain access to the contents of encrypted messages, even if the cryptographic key is unknown.
Admiralty (United Kingdom)The Admiralty was a department of the Kingdom of Great Britain and from 1801 of the Government of the United Kingdom that was responsible for the command of the Royal Navy. Historically, its titular head was the Lord High Admiral – one of the Great Officers of State.
SignalA signal is both the process and the result of transmission of data over some media accomplished by embedding some variation. Signals are important in multiple subject fields, including signal processing, information theory and biology. In signal processing, a signal is a function that conveys information about a phenomenon. Any quantity that can vary over space or time can be used as a signal to share messages between observers.
CommunicationTransmission of information"Communicate" redirects here. For other uses, see Communicate (other).There are many forms of communication, including human linguistic communication using sounds, sign language, and writing as well as animals exchanging information and attempts to communicate with intelligent extraterrestrial life.Communication is commonly defined as the transmission of information.
Classified informationClassified information is confidential material that a government, corporation, or non-governmental organisation deems to be sensitive information, which must be protected from unauthorized disclosure and that requires special handling and dissemination controls. Access is restricted by law, regulation, or corporate policies to particular groups of individuals with both the necessary security clearance and a need to know.
Traffic analysisTraffic analysis is the process of intercepting and examining messages in order to deduce information from patterns in communication. It can be performed even when the messages are encrypted. In general, the greater the number of messages observed, the greater information be inferred. Traffic analysis can be performed in the context of military intelligence, counterintelligence, or pattern-of-life analysis, and is also a concern in computer security.
EncryptionIn cryptography, encryption is the process of transforming information in a way that, ideally, only authorized parties can decode. This process converts the original representation of the information, known as plaintext, into an alternative form known as ciphertext. Encryption does not itself prevent interference but denies the intelligible content to a would-be interceptor.Information sensitivityInformation sensitivity is the control of access to information or knowledge that might result in loss of an advantage or level of security if disclosed to others. Loss, misuse, modification, or unauthorized access to sensitive information can adversely affect the privacy or welfare of an individual, trade secrets of a business or even the security and international relations of a nation depending on the level of sensitivity and nature of the information.
Guglielmo MarconiItalian electrical engineer and inventor (1874–1937)Guglielmo Giovanni Maria Marconi, 1st Marquess of Marconi (25 April 1874 – 20 July 1937), was an Italian electrical engineer, inventor, and politician known for his creation of a practical radio wave-based wireless telegraph system.*As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases.