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Signalling block system

A signalling block system (or block system) is a safety mechanism primarily found on railways that is used to prevent trains from colliding. Block systems divide the track into fixed segments ("blocks") using signals, sensors, or other equipment, and one train may occupy a block at a time. This ensures that a train always has time to stop before getting dangerously close to another train on the same line.

Track circuitTrack circuitA track circuit is an electrical device used to prove the absence of a train on a block of rail tracks to control railway signals. An alternative to track circuits are axle counters. Principles and operationThe basic principle behind the track circuit lies in the connection of the two rails by the wheels and axle of locomotives and rolling stock to short an electrical circuit. This circuit is monitored by electrical equipment to detect the absence of the trains.Absolute block signallingAbsolute block signallingAbsolute block signalling is a British signalling block system designed to ensure the safe operation of a railway by allowing only one train to occupy a defined section of track (block) at a time. Each block section is manually controlled by a signalman, who communicates with the other block sections via telegraph. This system was used on double or multiple lines where use of each line is assigned a direction of travel before the introduction of track circuits.Route capacityRoute capacityRoute capacity is the maximum number of vehicles, people, or amount of freight that can travel a given route in a given amount of time, usually an hour. It may be limited by the worst bottleneck in the system, such as a stretch of road with fewer lanes. Air traffic route capacity is affected by weather.Train dispatcherTrain dispatcherA train dispatcher (US), rail traffic controller (Canada), train controller (Australia), train service controller (Singapore) or signaller (UK), is employed by a rail transportcompany to direct and facilitate the movement of trains over an assigned territory, which is usually part, or all, of a railroad operating division.Menheniot railway stationMenheniot railway stationMenheniot railway station (Cornish: Mahynyes) serves the village of Menheniot in Cornwall, England. It is 261 miles 61 chains (421.3 km) from London Paddington via Box and Plymouth Millbay. The station is managed by Great Western Railway, whose local trains serve the station.Rapid transitRapid transitHigh-capacity public transportA Seoul Metro Class 2000 series 10-car EMU set 2x09 leaving Hanyang University StationA R211A train at 80th Street station of the New York City SubwayA test train of London Underground2024 Stock at Turnham Green on the Piccadilly lineA Sydney Metro Metropolis Stock approaching Kellyville.A Paris MetroMP 14 train at Châtelet on Line 14A S Train on the South Island Line on the Hong Kong MTR approaching Ocean ParkRapid transit, mass rapid transit (MRT) or rail rapid transit (RRT) and commonly referred to as metro, is a type of high-capacity public transport that is generally built in urban areas.Thorpe rail accidentThorpe rail accidentThe Thorpe rail accident occurred on 10 September 1874 when two trains were involved in a head-on collision near Thorpe St Andrew, Norfolk, England. The accident occurred on what was then a single-track rail line between Norwich Thorpe and Brundall. The two trains involved were the 20:40 mail from Yarmouth Vauxhall and the 17:00 express from London to Yarmouth.Radstock rail accidentThe Radstock rail accident took place on the Somerset and Dorset Joint Railway in south west England, on 7 August 1876. Two trains collided on a single track section, resulting in fifteen passengers being killed. It was difficult to assign blame to any individual for the crash. The underlying cause was that the Somerset and Dorset Railway was essentially bankrupt at the time of the crash.Rail transportRail transportMode of transportA train in Alaska transporting crude oil in March 2006Rail transport (also known as train transport) is a mode of transport using wheeled vehicles running on tracks, which usually consist of two parallel steel rails. Rail transport is one of the two primary means of land transport, next to road transport. It is used for about 8% of passenger and freight transport globally, thanks to its energy efficiency and potentially high speed.Train stationTrain stationA train station, railroad station, or railway station is a railway facility where trains stop to load or unload passengers, freight, or both. It generally consists of at least one platform, one track, and a station building providing such ancillary services as ticket sales, waiting rooms, and baggage/freight service. Stations on a single-track line often have a passing loop to accommodate trains traveling in the opposite direction.Brake (roller coaster)A brake on a roller coaster is a device used to slow or stop a train. There are various types of braking methods employed on roller coasters, including friction or fin brakes, skid brakes, magnetic brakes, brakemen, and, uncommonly, anti-rollback devices. Some companies use drive tires to brake a train. The most common is the friction brake, which utilizes a series of hydraulic-powered clamps that close and squeeze metal fins attached to the underside of a train.Roller coasterRoller coasterA roller coaster is a type of amusement ride employing a form of elevated railway track that carries passengers on a train through hills, turns, valleys, and other elements, to exert abnormal g-forces on the body. Roller coasters are usually designed to produce a thrilling experience, though some roller coasters aim to provide a more gentle experience.

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