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Secure Shell

The Secure Shell Protocol (SSH Protocol) is a cryptographicnetwork protocol for operating network services securely over an unsecured network. Its most notable applications are remote login and command-line execution. SSH was designed for Unix-like operating systems as a replacement for Telnet and unsecured remote Unix shell protocols, such as the Berkeley Remote Shell (rsh) and the related rlogin and rexec protocols, which all use insecure, plaintext methods of authentication, such as passwords.

Remote ShellRemote ShellThe remote shell (rsh) is a command-linecomputer program that can execute shell commands as another user, and on another computer across a computer network. The remote system to which rsh connects runs the rshdaemon (rshd). The daemon typically uses the well-knownTransmission Control Protocol (TCP) port number 514. HistoryRsh originated as part of the BSD Unixoperating system, along with rcp, as part of the rlogin package on 4.2BSD in 1983.TelnetTelnetTelnet (sometimes stylized TELNET) is a client-serverapplication protocol that provides access to virtual terminals of remote systems on local area networks or the Internet. It is a protocol for bidirectional 8-bit communications. Its main goal was to connect terminal devices and terminal-oriented processes. The name "Telnet" refers to two things: a protocol specifying how two parties are to communicate and a software application that implements the protocol as a service.Unix shellUnix shellA Unix shell is a shell that provides a command-lineuser interface for a Unix-likeoperating system. A Unix shell provides a command language that can be used either interactively or for writing a shell script. A user typically works within a Unix shell via a terminal emulator; however, direct access via serial hardware connections or a Secure Shell are common for server systems.Network serviceIn computer networking, a network service is an application running at the network layer and above, that provides data storage, manipulation, presentation, communication or other capability which is often implemented using a client–server or peer-to-peer architecture based on application layer network protocols.Remote administrationRemote administrationRemote administration includes any method of controlling a computer or other Internet-connected device, such as a smartphone, from a remote location. There are many commercially available and free-to-use software that make remote administration easy to set up and use. Remote administration is often used when it's difficult or impractical to be physically near a system in order to use it or troubleshoot it.Command-line interfaceCommand-line interfaceA command-line interface (CLI), also known as a command-line shell, is a means of interacting with software via commands – each formatted as a line of text. The concept of interacting with a computer via text evolved over two decades, transitioning from physical hardware to sophisticated software. Before the CLI, computers were programmed using physical switches or punched cards. The shift toward a "command" style interaction began with the use of Teleprinters (Teletypes).Berkeley r-commandsBerkeley r-commandsThe Berkeley r-commands are a suite of computer programs designed to enable users of one Unix system to log in or issue commands to another Unix computer via TCP/IPcomputer network. The r-commands were developed in 1982 by the Computer Systems Research Group (CSRG) at the University of California, Berkeley, based on an early implementation of TCP/IP (the protocol stack of the Internet).Unix-likeUnix-likeA Unix-likeoperating system (sometimes referred to as a UN*X,*nix or *NIX) is one that behaves in a manner similar to a Unix system, although not necessarily conforming to or being certified to any version of the Single UNIX Specification. A Unix-like application is one that behaves like the corresponding Unix command or shell.Computer securityComputer securityProtection of computer systems from information disclosure, theft or damageComputer security (also cybersecurity, digital security, or information technology (IT) security) is a subdiscipline within the field of information security.Network securityNetwork securityNetwork security is an umbrella term to describe security controls, policies, processes and practices adopted to prevent, detect and monitor unauthorized access, misuse, modification, or denial of a computer network and network-accessible resources. Network security involves the authorization of access to data in a network, which is controlled by the network administrator.Communication protocolCommunication protocolA communication protocol is a system of rules that allows two or more entities of a communications system to transmit information. The protocol defines the rules, syntax, semantics, and synchronization of communication and possible error recovery methods. Protocols may be implemented by hardware, software, or a combination of both. Communicating systems use well-defined formats for exchanging various messages.CryptographyCryptographyCryptography, or cryptology, is the practice and study of techniques for secure communication in the presence of adversarial behavior. More generally, cryptography is about constructing and analyzing protocols that prevent third parties or the public from reading private messages. Modern cryptography exists at the intersection of the disciplines of mathematics, computer science, information security, electrical engineering, digital signal processing, physics, and others.

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