Tamas (philosophy)Tamas (Sanskrit: तमस् tamas, lit.'darkness') is one of the three guṇas (tendencies, qualities, attributes), a philosophical and psychological concept developed by the Samkhya school of Hindu philosophy. Tamas is the quality of inertia, inactivity, dullness, or lethargy. The other two qualities are rajas (passion and activity) and sattva (purity, goodness). Generally it is referred to as the lowest guṇa of the three.
RajasRajas (Sanskrit: रजस्) is one of the three guṇas (tendencies, qualities, attributes), a philosophical and psychological concept developed by the Samkhya school of Hindu philosophy. The other two qualities are sattva (goodness, balance), and tamas (lethargy, violence, disorder). Rajas is innate tendency or quality that drives motion, energy, and activity.
Bhagavad GitaMajor Hindu scriptureThe Bhagavad Gita (; Sanskrit: भगवद्गीता, IPA:, romanized: bhagavad-gītā, lit. 'God's song'), often referred to as the Gita (IAST: Gītā), is a Hindu scripture, likely composed in the second or first century BCE, which forms part of the epic poemMahabharata.SamkhyaSamkhya or Sankhya (; Sanskrit: सांख्य, romanized: Sāṅkhya) is a dualistic orthodox school of Hindu philosophy. It views reality as composed of two independent principles, Puruṣa ('consciousness' or spirit) and Prakṛti (nature or matter, including the human mind and emotions). Puruṣa is the witness-consciousness. It is absolute, independent, free, beyond perception, above any experience by mind or senses, and impossible to describe in words.Hindu philosophyHindu philosophy or Vedic philosophy is the set of philosophical systems that developed in tandem with the first Hindu religious traditions during the iron and classical ages of India. In Indian philosophy, of which Hindu philosophy is a prominent subset, the word used for philosophy is Darshana (Sanskrit: दर्शन, IAST: darśana; meaning: "viewpoint or perspective"), from the Sanskrit root 'दृश' (drish) meaning 'to see, to experience'.GuṇaGuṇa (Sanskrit: गुण) refers to the three fundamental tendencies or forces that constitute nature, or the matrix of material existence in Hindu philosophies. It can be translated as "quality, peculiarity, attribute, property". The concept is originally notable as a feature of Samkhya philosophy. The guṇas are now a key concept in nearly all schools of Hindu philosophy.
PrakritiPrakriti (Sanskrit: प्रकृतिIAST: Prakṛti) is "the original or natural form or condition of anything, original or primary substance". It is a key concept in Hinduism, formulated by the Samkhya school, where it does not refer merely to matter or nature, but includes all cognitive, moral, psychological, emotional, sensorial and physical aspects of reality.
Ramanuja11th-12th century Indian philosopherDharmaDharma (; Sanskrit: धर्म, pronounced [dʱɐrmɐ] ) is a key concept in various Indian-origin religions. The term dharma does not have a single, clear translation and conveys a multifaceted idea. Etymologically, it comes from the Sanskrit dhr-, meaning to hold or to support, thus referring to the law that sustains things—from one's life to society, and to the universe at large.
JñānaIn Indian philosophy and religions, jñāna (Sanskrit: , ) is "knowledge, wisdom, comprehension". It gives irrefutable knowledge or understanding of an object, especially the supreme Being or reality. EtymologyIn Sanskrit, Jñāna, also transliterated into English as jnana, jnan, gyana, gyan, or gyaan, is "knowledge, wisdom, comprehension". The root ज्ञा- is cognate to Slavic , English , Greek (as in γνῶσις gnosis), and Lithuanian .
VaikunthaVaikuntha (Sanskrit: वैकुण्ठ, romanized: Vaikuṇṭha, lit.'without anxiety / imperfections'), also called Vishnuloka (Viṣṇuloka), is the abode of Vishnu, the supreme deity in the Vaishnava tradition of Hinduism, and his consort, Lakshmi, the supreme goddess of the sect. According to Ramanuja, Vaikuntha is the Parama Padam or Nitya Vibhuti, an "eternal heavenly realm", and is the "divine imperishable world that is God's abode".Karma Yoga (Bhagavad Gita)The Karma Yoga (Sanskrit: कर्मयोग, romanized: Karmayoga) is the third of the eighteen chapters of the Bhagavad Gita. This chapter comprises a total of 43 shlokas. It is also the 25th chapter of Bhishma Parva, the sixth book of the Mahabharata.
PaliMiddle Indo-Aryan languagePāli (; IAST: Pāḷi) is a Middle Indo-Aryan language that is widely studied as the sacred language of Theravada Buddhism and the language of the Tipiṭaka. Pali was designated a classical language of India by the Government of India on 3 October 2024. Origin and developmentEtymologyThe word 'Pali' is used as a name for the language of the Theravada canon.*As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases.