Fatimid CaliphateThe Fatimid Caliphate (; Arabic: الخلافة الفاطمیّة, romanised: al-Khilāfa al-Fāṭimiyya), also known as the Fatimid Empire, was a caliphate that existed from the tenth to the twelfth centuries CE under the rule of the Fatimids, an Isma'ili Shi'a dynasty. Spanning a large area of North Africa and West Asia, it extended from the western Mediterranean in the west to the Red Sea in the east.
IbadismIbadism or Ibadhism (Arabic: الإباضية, romanized: al-ʾIbāḍiyya, Arabic pronunciation: [alʔibaːˈdˤijja]) is a distinct school of Islam and is commonly regarded as the third Islamic branch, alongside Sunni Islam and Shia Islam. Its roots go back to the Kharijite secession from Ali, the prophet Muhammad's cousin and son in law who was the first Shia Imam and the fourth Sunni Rashidun caliph.
TunisiaTunisia, officially the Republic of Tunisia, is a country in the Maghreb region of North Africa. It is bordered by Algeria to the west and southwest, Libya to the southeast, and the Mediterranean Sea to the north and east. Tunisia also shares maritime borders with Italy through the islands of Sicily and Sardinia to the north and Malta to the east. It features the archaeological sites of Carthage dating back to the 9th century BC, as well as the Great Mosque of Kairouan.
LibyaLibya, officially the State of Libya, is a country in the Maghreb region of North Africa. It borders the Mediterranean Sea to the north, Egypt to the east, Sudan to the southeast, Chad to the south, Niger to the southwest, Algeria to the west, and Tunisia to the northwest. With an area of almost 1.8 million km2 (700,000 sq mi), Libya is the fourth-largest country in Africa and the Arab world, and the 16th-largest in the world.
PersiansIranian ethnic groupEthnic groupPersians, or Persian people, are an Iranian ethnic group indigenous to the Iranian plateau that comprise the majority of the population of modern-day Iran. They have a common cultural system and are native speakers of the Persian language. In the Western world, "Persian" was largely understood as a demonym for all Iranians rather than as an ethnonym for the Persian people, but this understanding shifted in the 20th century.
FezzanFezzan (UK: , US: ; Berber languages: ⴼⵣⵣⴰⵏ, romanized: Fezzan; Arabic: , romanized: Fazzān; Latin: Phazania) is the southwestern region of modern Libya. It is largely desert, but broken by mountains, uplands, and dry river valleys (wadis) in the north, where oases enable ancient towns and villages to survive deep in the otherwise inhospitable Sahara Desert.
AlgeriaAlgeria, officially the People's Democratic Republic of Algeria, is a country in North Africa. It is bordered to the northeast by Tunisia; to the east by Libya; to the southeast by Niger; to the southwest by Mali, Mauritania, and Western Sahara; to the west by Morocco; and to the north by the Mediterranean Sea. Its capital and largest city is Algiers.
Nafusa MountainsThe Nafusa Mountains (Berber languages: ⴰⴷⵔⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵉⵏⴼⵓⵙⵏ) (Arabic: جبال نفوسة) is a mountain range in the western Tripolitania region of northwestern Libya. It also includes the regions around the escarpment formed where the northern end of the Tripolitanian Plateau meets the coastal plain or the Jefara. HistoryAntiquityThe Nafusa Mountains supported agriculture without significant interruption from the pre-Roman period onward.
IsmailismBranch of Shia IslamIsmailism, known historically as Batiniyya (lit. 'esotericism'), is a denomination of Shia Islam. It is one of the three denominations of Shia Islam, the other two being Twelver Shia Islam and Zaydism. The Ismailis and Zaydis constitute a minority within Shia Islam, in contrast to Twelvers, who constitute the predominant denomination. The Ismailis emphasize a distinction between the exoteric (zahir) and esoteric (batin) dimension of Islam.TheocracyTheocracy is a form of government in which one or more deities are recognized as supreme ruling authorities giving divine guidance to human intermediaries with executive, legislative or judicial power who manage the government's daily affairs.
TagdemtTagdemt (also spelt Taqidemt) is a town and commune in Tiaret Province in north-western Algeria.
ArabicCentral Semitic languageArabic is a Central Semitic language of the Afroasiatic language family spoken primarily in the Arab world. The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) assigns language codes to 32 varieties of Arabic, including its standard form of Literary Arabic, known as Modern Standard Arabic, which is derived from Classical Arabic.*As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases.