Revolutions of 1917–1923The revolutions of 1917–1923 were a revolutionary wave that included political unrest and armed revolts around the world inspired by the success of the Russian Revolution and disorder created by the aftermath of World War I. The uprisings were mainly socialist or anti-colonial in nature. Most socialist revolts failed to create lasting socialist states.
Russian Civil WarMulti-party war in the former Russian Empire (1917–1922)BelligerentsBolsheviks: Russian SFSR Ukrainian SSR Byelorussian SSR Transcaucasian SFSRRegional forcesWhite movement:Russian Republic (1917–1918)Russian State (1918–1920) South Russia (1919–1920)Regional forcesIndependence movements: Poland Finland Ukraine Belarus Estonia Latvia Lithuania Georgia Armenia Azerbaijan MoldaviaNorthern CaucasusBasmachiAnti-Bolshevik left:Left SRsGreen armiesMakhnovshchinaRight SRs and MensheviksAllied Powers: Japan United Kingdom United States France CzechoslovakiaCentral Powers: Germany Austria-Hungary Ottoman EmpireCommanders and leadersVladimir LeninLeon TrotskySergey KamenevJukums VācietisYakov Sverdlov #...further detailsAlexander Kolchak Lavr Kornilov †Anton DenikinPyotr Wrangel...further detailsJózef PiłsudskiC.
German revolution of 1918–1919BelligerentsBefore November 9th 1918:German EmpireImperial ArmyAfter November 9th 1918:Weimar RepublicFreikorpsReichswehrDer StahlhelmSPDRevolutionaries:SPD (until 9 Nov. 1918)USPD (from 9 Nov. 1918)Spartacus LeagueKPD (from 30 Dec.
Russian EmpireRussian state from 1721 to 1917The Russian Empire was an empire that extended across northern Eurasia from 1721 until the proclamation of the Russian Republic in 1917, forming the final era of Tsarist Russia and the wider Russian monarchy. At its height in the late 19th century, it covered about 22,800,000 km (8,800,000 sq mi), roughly one-sixth of the world's landmass, making it the third-largest empire in history, behind only the British and Mongol empires.
February RevolutionFirst of two 1917 revolutions in RussiaBelligerentsRussian Imperial GovernmentPetrograd PoliceGendarmesMinistry of Internal AffairsPetrograd GarrisonMonarchists: Russian AssemblyMonarchist UnionUnion of the Russian NationSocialists: Socialist Revolutionary PartyRussian Social Democratic Labour PartyBolsheviksMensheviksDashnaksLiberals: KadetsOctobristsProgressive PartyCommanders and leadersNicholas II Nikolai GolitsynAlexander KutepovSergey KhabalovMikhail BelyaevNikolai IvanovAlexander ProtopopovVladimir PurishkevichAlexander DubrovinAlexander KerenskyViktor ChernovYury LomonosovNikolay ChkheidzeJulius MartovAlexander ShliapnikovNikolay TolmachyovStepan ShahumyanGeorgy LvovPavel MiliukovAlexander GuchkovMikhail RodziankoStrengthPetrograd Police: 3,500UnknownCasualties and losses 1,443 killed in Petrograd862–1240: Ancient Rus'Rurik • Baptism of Rus' • Russkaya Pravda • Council of Liubech • Council of Uvetichi • Mongol conquest1240–1547: Appanage RussiaBlack Death • Battle of Kulikovo • MuscoviteCivil War • Great Stand on the Ugra River • Sudebnik of 14971547–1917: Tsarist RussiaTime of Troubles • Zemsky Sobor • Treaty ofNystad • Petrovian reforms • Patriotic War • Decembrist Revolt • Emancipation reform • Russo-Japanese War • 1905 Revolution • October Manifesto • Second Patriotic War1917–1922: Russian RevolutionFebruary Revolution • Provisional Government • Dvoyevlastiye • July Days • Kornilov affair • Directorate • Constituent Assembly (election) • Bolshevik Coup • Civil War • White Guard • Red Army • Soviet-Polish War • PriamuryeGovt.
World War IGlobal conflict from 1914 to 1918BelligerentsAllied Powers: France United Kingdom and Empire:Australia Canada Ceylon EgyptNewfoundlandNew Zealand India South Africa Russia (until 1917) Italy (from 1915) United States(from 1917) Japanand others ...Central Powers: GermanyAustria-HungaryOttoman Empire Bulgaria (from 1915)and others ...Commanders and leadersCasualties and losses 15–22 million deaths (military and civilian)World War I, or the First World War (28 July 1914 – 11 November 1918), also known as the Great War, was a global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies (or Entente) and the Central Powers.Political revolution (Trotskyism)A political revolution, in the Trotskyist theory, is an upheaval in which the government is replaced, or the form of government altered, but in which property relations are predominantly left intact. The revolutions in France in 1830 and 1848 are often cited as political revolutions. Political revolutions are contrasted with social revolutions in which old property relations are overturned.
German EmpireGerman state from 1871 to 1918Today part ofGermanyPolandRussiaLithuaniaFranceDenmarkBelgiumNetherlandsCzech RepublicArea and population not including colonial possessionsThe German Empire (German: Deutsches Reich), also referred to as Imperial Germany or the Second Reich, was the period of the German Reich from the unification of Germany in 1871 until the November Revolution in 1918, when Germany changed its form of government to a republic.Social revolutionSocial revolutions are sudden changes in the structure and nature of society. These revolutions are usually recognized as having transformed society, economy, culture, philosophy, and technology along with, though more than solely, the political systems.
Aftermath of World War IThe aftermath of World War I saw far-reaching and wide-ranging cultural, economic, and social change across Europe, Asia, and Africa, and in areas outside those that were directly involved. Four empires collapsed due to the war, old countries were abolished, new ones were formed, boundaries were redrawn, international organizations were established, and many new and old ideologies took a firm hold in people's minds.Key events of the 20th centuryThe 20th century changed the world in unprecedented ways. The World Wars sparked tension between countries and led to the creation of atomic bombs, the Cold War led to the space race and the creation of space-based rockets, and the World Wide Web was created. These advancements have played a significant role in citizens' lives and shaped the 21st century into what it is today.*As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases.