Orbital Piloted Assembly and Experiment ComplexProposed Russian space station Orbital Piloted Assembly and Experiment ComplexComputer-generated depiction of OPSEKStation statisticsCrew2 or moreLaunchAbandoned in 2017Launch padBaikonur CosmodromeMassOver 100,000 kg when completeAtmospheric pressure1 atmPeriapsis altitude370 to 450 km (planned)Apoapsis altitude370 to 450 kmOrbital inclination70.0°Typical orbit altitude370 to 450 km The Orbital Piloted Assembly and Experiment Complex (Russian: Орбитальный Пилотируемый Сборочно-Экспериментальный Комплекс, Orbital'nyj Pilotirujemyj Sborochno-Eksperimental'nyj Kompleks; ОПСЭК, OPSEK) was a 2009–2017 proposed third-generation Russian modular space station for low Earth orbit.
Nauka (ISS module)Nauka (Russian: Наука, lit.'Science'), also known as the Multipurpose Laboratory Module, Upgrade (MLM-U, Russian: Многоцелевой лабораторный модуль, усоверше́нствованный), is the primary laboratory of the Russian Orbital Segment of the International Space Station (ISS). Serving alongside the Rassvet and Poisk mini-research modules, Nauka conducts scientific experiments and stores research equipment.
RoscosmosSpace agency of RussiaThe State Corporation for Space Activities, commonly known as Roscosmos (Роскосмос), is a state corporation of the Russian Federation responsible for space flights, cosmonautics programs, and aerospace research. Roscosmos inherited the bulk of the vast Soviet space program following the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991.
Bharatiya Antariksh StationBharatiya Antariksh Station (BAS; transl. Indian Space Station;ISO: Bhāratīya Antarikṣa Sṭeśan) is a planned modular space station to be constructed by India and operated by ISRO. The space station is planned to weigh 52 tonnes and maintain an orbit of approximately 400 kilometres above the Earth, where astronauts could stay for 3–6 months.
Space stationHabitable artificial satelliteThe image above contains clickable links Size comparisons between current and past space stations as they appeared most recently. Solar panels in blue, heat radiators in red. Stations have different depths not shown by silhouettes.A space station (or orbital station) is a spacecraft which remains in orbit and hosts humans for extended periods of time. It is therefore an artificial satellite featuring habitation facilities.
Russian Orbital SegmentThe Russian Orbital Segment (ROS) is the name given to the components of the International Space Station (ISS) constructed in Russia and operated by the Russian Roscosmos. The ROS handles Guidance, Navigation, and Control for the entire Station.
Yury BorisovYury Ivanovich Borisov (Russian: Юрий Иванович Борисов; born 31 December 1956) is a Russian politician, former military strategist, and mathematician currently serving as Federation Council Senator from Arkhangelsk Oblast. Borisov served as General Director of Roscosmos from 2022 to 2025, from 2018 to 2022, he served as the Deputy Prime Minister of Russia, and from 2012 to 2018, as the Deputy Minister of Defence.
International Space StationThe International Space Station (ISS) is a space station in low Earth orbit (LEO). It is the product of the International Space Station program and is operated by five partner space agencies: NASA (United States), Roscosmos (Russia), ESA (Europe), JAXA (Japan), and CSA (Canada). It is the first space station built, maintained and crewed through international cooperation and the largest human spacecraft ever constructed.
International Space Station programThe International Space Station program is the space program of the International Space Station. It is tied together by a complex set of legal, political and financial agreements between the fifteen nations involved in the project, governing ownership of the various components, rights to crewing and utilisation, and responsibilities for crew rotation and resupply of the station.
Russian languageRussian is an East Slavic language belonging to the Balto-Slavic branch of the Indo-European language family. It is one of the four extant East Slavic languages, and is the native language of the Russian people. Russian was the de facto (and de jure in its final years) official language of the former Soviet Union.
Sun-synchronous orbitA Sun-synchronous orbit (SSO), also called a heliosynchronous orbit, is a nearly polar orbit around a planet, in which the satellite passes over any given point of the planet's surface at the same local mean solar time. More technically, it is an orbit arranged so that, for each revolution of the planet around the Sun, its orbital plane (specifically the longitude of the ascending node) precesses through one complete revolution around the planet.*As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases.