War of ActiumBelligerents Western Roman provinces Eastern Roman provincesPtolemaic EgyptCommanders and leadersOctavianMarcus AgrippaTitus Statilius TaurusLucius PinariusMark Antony‡‡Cleopatra‡‡Gaius Sosius(POW)Publius Canidius CrassusBogud†Strength200,000 Roman legionaries450 Roman warships and transports173,700 Roman legionaries18,000 Ptolemaic soldiers5,000 Median reinforcements154 Roman and Ptolemaic warships and transportsCasualties and losses 50,000 75,000The War of Actium or Actian War (32–30 BC) was the last civil war of the Roman Republic, fought between Mark Antony (assisted by Cleopatra and by extension Ptolemaic Egypt) and Octavian.
Roman Empire27 BC–476/1453 AD state and civilization
Overthrow of the Roman monarchyThe overthrow of the Roman monarchy was an event in ancient Rome that took place between the 6th and 5th centuries BC where a political revolution replaced the then-existing Roman monarchy under Lucius Tarquinius Superbus with a republic.
OsciThe Osci (also called Oscans, Opici, Opsci, Obsci, Opicans) were an Italic people of Campania and Latium adiectum before and during Roman times. Traditions of the Opici fall into the legendary period of Italian history, roughly from the beginning of the first millennium BC until the foundation of the Roman Republic. No consensus can be reached concerning their location and language.
SabinesAncient Italic people Amiternum, an ancient city founded by the Sabines Map showing the location of the Sabines. The border with Latium to the south was the Aniene river; however, it is possible that Sabines extended to Lake Regillus slightly to the south of it near Gabii.
Ancient RomeIn modern historiography, ancient Rome is the Roman civilisation from the founding of the Italian city of Rome in the 8th century BC to the collapse of the Western Roman Empire in the 5th century AD. It encompasses the Roman Kingdom (753–509 BC), the Roman Republic (509–27 BC), and the Roman Empire (27 BC – 476 AD) until the fall of the western empire.
Roman KingdomToday part ofItalyVatican City
Latins (Italic tribe)The Latins (Latin: Latīnī), sometimes known as the Latials or Latians, were an Italic tribe that included the early inhabitants of the city of Rome (see Roman people). From about 1000 BC, the Latins inhabited the small region known to the Romans as Old Latium (in Latin Latium vetus), the area in the Italian Peninsula between the river Tiber and the promontory of Mount Circeo 100 km (62 mi) southeast of Rome.
Etruscan civilizationPre-Roman civilization of Etruria (9th–1st century BC)Today part ofItalyVatican CitySan MarinoCorsica
HegemonyPolitical, economic or military predominance of one state over other statesAncient Greece under the hegemony of Macedon: the kingdom of Macedonia (red) and the Hellenic league (yellow), 337-336 BCAncient Greece under the Theban hegemony, 371–362 BCIn geopolitics, hegemony ( , UK also , US also ) is the political, economic and military predominance of one state over other states, either regional or global.
Mediterranean SeaThe Mediterranean Sea ( MED-ih-tə-RAY-nee-ən) is an intercontinental sea situated between Europe, Asia, and Africa. It is surrounded by the Mediterranean basin and almost completely enclosed by land: on the east by the Levant in West Asia, on the north by Anatolia in West Asia and Southern Europe, and on the south by North Africa.
LatinLatin (lingua Latina or Latinum) is a classical language belonging to the Italic branch of the Indo-European languages. Latin was originally spoken by the Latins in Latium (now known as Lazio), the lower Tiber area around Rome, Italy. Through the expansion of the Roman Republic, it became the dominant language in the Italian Peninsula and subsequently throughout the Roman Empire.*As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases.