GTPaseGTPases are a large family of hydrolaseenzymes that bind to the nucleotideguanosine triphosphate (GTP) and hydrolyze it to guanosine diphosphate (GDP). The GTP binding and hydrolysis takes place in the highly conservedP-loop "G domain", a protein domain common to many GTPases. FunctionsGTPases function as molecular switches or timers in many fundamental cellular processes.
RhoCMore reference expression dataBioGPSEnsemblUniProtRefSeq (mRNA)RefSeq (protein)Location (UCSC)Chr 1: 112.7 – 112.71 MbChr 3: 104.7 – 104.7 MbPubMed searchWikidataRhoC (Ras homolog gene family, member C) is a small (~21 kDa) signaling G protein (more specifically a GTPase), and is a member of the Rac subfamily of the family Rho family of GTPases. It is encoded by the gene RHOC.
Ras superfamilyThe Ras superfamily, derived from "Rat sarcoma virus", is a protein superfamily of small GTPases. Members of the superfamily are divided into families and subfamilies based on their structure, sequence and function. The five main families are Ras, Rho, Ran, Rab and Arf GTPases. The Ras family itself is further divided into 6 subfamilies: Ras, Ral, Rap, Rheb, Rad and Rit. Miro is a recent contributor to the superfamily.
RAC1More reference expression dataBioGPSEnsemblUniProtRefSeq (mRNA)RefSeq (protein)Location (UCSC)Chr 7: 6.37 – 6.4 MbChr 5: 143.49 – 143.51 MbPubMed searchWikidataRas-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RAC1gene. This gene can produce a variety of alternatively spliced versions of the Rac1 protein, which appear to carry out different functions.
ActinFamily of proteins that form microfilamentsProtein familyActin is a family of globular multi-functional proteins that form microfilaments in the cytoskeleton, and the thin filaments in muscle fibrils. It is found in essentially all eukaryotic cells, where it may be present at a concentration of over 100 μM; its mass is roughly 42 kDa, with a diameter of 4 to 7 nm.
CDC42Cell division control protein 42 homolog (Cdc42 or CDC42) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CDC42 gene. Cdc42 is involved in regulation of the cell cycle. It was originally identified in S. cerevisiae (yeast) as a mediator of cell division, and is now known to influence a variety of signaling events and cellular processes in a variety of organisms from yeast to mammals.
G proteinG proteins, also known as guanine nucleotide-binding proteins, are a family of proteins that act as molecular switches inside cells, and are involved in transmitting signals from a variety of stimuli outside a cell to its interior. Their activity is regulated by factors that control their ability to bind to and hydrolyze guanosine triphosphate (GTP) to guanosine diphosphate (GDP). When they are bound to GTP, they are 'on', and, when they are bound to GDP, they are 'off'.
Heterologous expressionHeterologous expression refers to the expression of a gene or part of a gene in a host organism that does not naturally have the gene or gene fragment in question. Insertion of the gene in the heterologous host is performed by recombinant DNA technology. The purpose of heterologous expression is often to determine the effects of mutations and differential interactions on protein function.
RHOBRas homolog gene family, member B, also known as RHOB, is a protein which in humans is encoded by the RHOB gene. RHOB is a member of the Rho GTP-binding protein family.
Transforming protein RhoAMore reference expression dataBioGPSEnsemblUniProtRefSeq (mRNA)RefSeq (protein)Location (UCSC)Chr 3: 49.36 – 49.41 MbChr 9: 108.18 – 108.22 MbPubMed searchWikidataTransforming protein RhoA, also known as Ras homolog family member A (RhoA), is a small GTPaseprotein in the Rho family of GTPases that in humans is encoded by the RHOAgene.
3T3 cells3T3 cells are several cell lines of mouse embryonic fibroblasts. The original 3T3 cell line (3T3-Swiss albino) was established in 1962 by two scientists then at the Department of Pathology in the New York University School of Medicine, George Todaro and Howard Green. Todaro and Green originally obtained their 3T3 cells from Swiss albino mouse embryo tissue.
OrganelleAn organelle is a specialized subunit, within a biological cell, that has a specific function. The name organelle comes from the idea that these structures are parts of cells, as organs are to the body, hence organelle, the suffix -elle being a diminutive.CytoskeletonThe cytoskeleton is a complex, dynamic network of interlinking protein filaments present in the cytoplasm of all cells, including those of bacteria and archaea. In eukaryotes, it extends from the cell nucleus to the cell membrane and is composed of similar proteins in the various organisms.*As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases.