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Proteinogenic amino acid

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Proteinogenic amino acids are amino acids that are incorporated biosynthetically into proteins during translation from RNA. The word "proteinogenic" means "protein creating". Throughout known life, there are 22 genetically encoded (proteinogenic) amino acids, 20 in the standard genetic code and an additional 2 (selenocysteine and pyrrolysine) that can be incorporated by special translation mechanisms.

AlanineNames IUPAC nameAlanineSystematic IUPAC name2-Aminopropanoic acidOther names Alanic acidAlaninic acid2-Aminopropionic acidIdentifiers CAS NumberL: 56-41-7D/L: 302-72-7D: 338-69-23D model (JSmol)L: Interactive imageD: Interactive imageL Zwitterion: Interactive imageD Zwitterion: Interactive imageBeilstein Reference1720248 ChEBIL: CHEBI:16977D/L: CHEBI:16449D: CHEBI:15570ChEMBLL: ChEMBL279597ChemSpiderL: 5735D/L: 582D: 64234DrugBankL: DB00160ECHA InfoCard100.000.249EC NumberL: 206-126-4Gmelin Reference49628 IUPHAR...Acid dissociation constantIn chemistry, an acid dissociation constant (also known as acidity constant, or acid-ionization constant; denoted ⁠Ka{\displaystyle K_{a}}⁠) is a quantitative measure of the strength of an acid in solution. It is the equilibrium constant for a chemical reactionHA↽−−⇀A−+H+{\displaystyle {\ce {HA <=> A^- + H^+}}}known as dissociation in the context of acid–base reactions. The chemical species HA is an acid that dissociates into A, called the conjugate base of the acid, and a hydrogen ion, H. The sy...Aliphatic compoundAliphatic compounds (; G. aleiphar, fat, oil) are chemical compounds containing the element carbon that are not aromatic compounds. Aliphatic compounds can be saturated, where all C-C bonds are single bonds (e.g., hexane), or unsaturated, where double or triple bonds are present between carbon atoms (e.g., hexene, hexyne). Other definitionsThe definition given above is that promulgated by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC), which sets accepted definitions for chemical terms and nomencl...Aliphatic compoundAliphatic compounds (; G. aleiphar, fat, oil) are chemical compounds containing the element carbon that are not aromatic compounds. Aliphatic compounds can be saturated, where all C-C bonds are single bonds (e.g., hexane), or unsaturated, where double or triple bonds are present between carbon atoms (e.g., hexene, hexyne). Other definitionsThe definition given above is that promulgated by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC), which sets accepted definitions for chemical terms and nomencl...

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