Nitric acidNames IUPAC nameNitric acidOther names Aqua fortisSpirit of niterEau forteHydrogen nitrateAcidum nitricumIdentifiers CAS Number7697-37-23D model (JSmol)Interactive imageInteractive imageChEBICHEBI:48107ChEMBLChEMBL1352ChemSpider919ECHA InfoCard100.028.832EC Number231-714-2Gmelin Reference1576 KEGGD02313MeSHNitric+acidPubChemCID944RTECS numberQU5775000UNII411VRN1TV4UN number2031 CompTox Dashboard(EPA)DTXSID5029685InChIInChI=1S/HNO3/c2-1(3)4/h(H,2,3,4)Key: GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-NInChI=1/HNO3/c2-1(3)4/h(H,2,3,4)Key: GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYAOSMILES[N+](=O)(O)[O-]ON(=O)=OProperties Chemical formulaHNO3Molar mass63.012 g·mol Appearance Colorless liquid OdorAcrid, suffocating Density1.51 g/cm, 1.41 g/cm [68% w/w] Melting point−42 °C (−44 °F; 231 K) Boiling point83 °C (181 °F; 356 K) 68% solution boils at 121 °C (250 °F; 394 K) Solubility in waterMiscible log P−0.13 Vapor pressure48 mmHg (20 °C) Acidity (pKa) −1.4 Conjugate baseNitrateMagnetic susceptibility (χ)−1.99×10 cm/molRefractive index (nD)1.397 (16.5 °C) Dipole moment2.17 ± 0.02 D Thermochemistry Std molarentropy(S298)146 J/(mol·K) Std enthalpy offormation(ΔfH298)−207 kJ/mol Hazards GHS labelling: PictogramsSignal wordDangerHazard statementsH272, H290, H314, H331Precautionary statementsP210, P220, P280, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340+P310, P305+P351+P338NFPA 704 (fire diamond) 302OXFlash pointNon-flammable Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC): LC50 (median concentration)138 ppm (rat, 30 min) NIOSH (US health exposure limits): PEL (Permissible)TWA 2 ppm (5 mg/m) REL (Recommended)TWA 2 ppm (5 mg/m)ST 4 ppm (10 mg/m) IDLH (Immediate danger)25 ppm Safety data sheet (SDS) ICSC 0183Related compounds Other anionsNitrous acidOther cationsSodium nitratePotassium nitrateAmmonium nitrateRelated compoundsDinitrogen trioxideDinitrogen tetroxideDinitrogen pentoxideNitrogen oxideNitrogen monoxideNitrogen dioxideExcept where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).Yverify ( ?)Alkali metal nitrateAlkali metal nitrates are chemical compounds consisting of an alkali metal (lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium and caesium) and the nitrate ion. Only two are of major commercial value, the sodium and potassium salts.
NiterNiter or nitre is the mineral form of potassium nitrate, KNO3. It is a soft, white, highly soluble mineral found primarily in arid climates or cave deposits. Potassium and other nitrates are of great importance for use in fertilizers and, historically, gunpowder. Much of the world's demand is now met by synthetically produced nitrates, though the natural mineral is still mined and is still of significant commercial value.
PotassiumNa↑K↓Rbargon ← potassium → calcium
Nitrogen–↑N↓Pcarbon ← nitrogen → oxygen
Salt (chemistry)In chemistry, a salt or ionic compound is a chemical compound consisting of an assembly of positively charged ions (cations) and negatively charged ions (anions), which results in a compound with no net electric charge. The constituent ions are held together by electrostatic forces termed ionic bonds. The component ions in a salt can be either inorganic, such as chloride (Cl), or organic, such as acetate (CH3COO).
Chemical compoundA chemical compound is a chemical substance composed of many identical molecules (or molecular entities) containing atoms from more than one chemical element held together by chemical bonds. A molecule consisting of atoms of only one element is therefore not a compound. A compound can be transformed into a different substance by a chemical reaction, which may involve interactions with other substances.
American EnglishAmerican English, sometimes called United States English or U.S. English, is the set of varieties of the English language native to the United States. English is the most widely spoken language in the U.S., as well as the common language used in government, education, and commerce in all 50 states, the District of Columbia, and in all U.S. territories except Puerto Rico. Since the late 20th century, American English has become the most influential form of English worldwide.
NitratePolyatomic ion (NO3, charge –1) found in explosives and fertilisers
Chemical formulaA chemical formula is any of several kinds of notation for expressing the composition and structure of a chemical compound. Chemical formulas use element symbols for the atoms of each chemical element in a compound. There are several conventional types of chemical formula that present different levels of detail.
IonAn ion () is an atom or molecule with a net electrical charge. The charge of an electron is considered to be negative by convention and this charge is equal and opposite to the charge of a proton, which is considered to be positive by convention. The net charge of an ion is not zero because its total number of electrons is unequal to its total number of protons.
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