Computer programInstructions a computer can executeSource code for a computer program written in the JavaScript language. It demonstrates the appendChild() method. The method adds a new child node to an existing parent node. It is commonly used to dynamically modify the structure of an HTML document.A computer program is a sequence or set of instructions in a programming language for a computer to execute.
Programming languageA programming language is a formal language designed to express computations, typically supporting the specification of software both for humans and for computers. Execution of a program requires an implementation. There are two main approaches for implementing a programming language – compilation, where programs are translated ahead-of-time to machine code, and interpretation, where programs are directly executed.
File formatStructure of information stored on a computer wav-file: 2.1 megabytes. ogg-file: 154 kilobytes. A file format is the way that information is encoded for storage in a computer file. It may describe the encoding at various levels of abstraction including low-level bit and byte layout as well high-level organization such as markup and tabular structure. A file format may be standardized (which can be proprietary or open) or it can be an ad hoc convention.
Interpreter (computing)In computing, an interpreter is software that executessource code without first compiling it to machine code. An interpreted runtime environment differs from one that processes CPU-native executable code which requires translating source code before executing it. An interpreter may translate the source code to an intermediate format, such as bytecode.
CompilerIn computing, a compiler is software that translates computer code written in one programming language (the source language) into another language (the target language). The name "compiler" is primarily used for programs that translate source code from a high-level programming language to a low-level programming language (e.g., assembly language, object code, or machine code) to create an executable program.
MultilingualismUse of multiple languagesThe frontage of the Constitutional Court of South Africa, with text written in eleven of South Africa's twelve official languagesA multilingual sign outside the mayor's office in Novi Sad, Serbia, written in the four official languages of the city: Serbian, Hungarian, Slovak, and Pannonian RusynA stenciled danger sign in Singapore written in English, Mandarin, Tamil, and Malay (the four official languages of Singapore)The logo and name of the Swiss federal administration in the four national languages of Switzerland (German, French, Italian, and Romansh)Multilingualism is the use of more than one language, either by an individual speaker or by a group of speakers.
Computer compatibilityA family of computer models is said to be compatible if certain software that run on one of the models can also be run on all other models of the family. The computer models may differ in performance, reliability or some other characteristic. These differences may affect the outcome of the running of the software.
Scripting languageIn computing, a script is a relatively short and simple set of instructions that typically automate an otherwise manual process. The act of writing a script is called scripting. A scripting language or script language is a programming language that is used for scripting. Originally, scripting was limited to automating shells in operating systems, and languages were relatively simple.
ComputingComputing is any goal-oriented activity that requires, benefits from, or creates computing machinery. It includes the study and experimentation of algorithmic processes, and the development of both hardware and software. Computing encompasses scientific, engineering, mathematical, technological, and social aspects.
Source codeIn computing, source code, or simply code or source, is human readableplain text that can eventually result in controlling the behavior of a computer. In order to control a computer, it must be processed by a computer program – either executed directly via an interpreter or translated into a more computer-consumable form such as via a compiler.
Computer securityComputer security (also cybersecurity, digital security, or information technology (IT) security) is a subdiscipline within the field of information security. It focuses on protecting computer software, systems, and networks from threats that can lead to unauthorized information disclosure, theft, or damage to hardware, software, or data, as well as to the disruption or misdirection of the services they provide.Data validationIn computing, data validation or input validation is the process of ensuring data has undergone data cleansing to confirm it has data quality, that is, that it is both correct and useful. It uses routines, often called "validation rules", "validation constraints", or "check routines", that check for correctness, meaningfulness, and security of data that are input to the system.
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