Frequency synthesizerA frequency synthesizer is an electronic circuit that generates a range of frequencies from a single reference frequency. Frequency synthesizers are used in devices such as radio receivers, televisions, mobile telephones, radiotelephones, walkie-talkies, CB radios, cable television converter boxes, satellite receivers, and GPS systems.Frequency dividerA frequency divider, also called a clock divider or scaler or prescaler, is a circuit that takes an input signal of a frequency, fin{\displaystyle f_{in}}, and generates an output signal of a frequency: fout=finN{\displaystyle f_{out}={\frac {f_{in}}{N}}}where N{\displaystyle N} is an integer. Phase-locked loopfrequency synthesizers make use of frequency dividers to generate a frequency that is a multiple of a reference frequency.DemodulationDemodulation is the process of extracting the original information-bearing signal from a carrier wave. A demodulator is an electronic circuit (or computer program in a software-defined radio) that is used to recover the information content from the modulated carrier wave. There are many types of signal modulation, and there are many types of demodulators.Control systemA control system manages, commands, directs, or regulates the behavior of other devices or systems using control loops. It can range from a single home heating controller using a thermostat controlling a domestic boiler to large industrial control systems which are used for controlling processes or machines. The control systems are designed via control engineering process.
Integrated circuitElectronic circuit formed on a small, flat piece of semiconductor materialA microscope image of an integrated circuit die used to control LCDs. The pinouts are the dark circles surrounding the integrated circuit.An integrated circuit (IC), also known as a microchip or simply chip, is a compact assembly of electronic circuits formed from various electronic components, such as transistors, resistors, and capacitors, and their interconnections.
SignalA signal is both the process and the result of transmission of data over some media accomplished by embedding some variation. Signals are important in multiple subject fields, including signal processing, information theory and biology. In signal processing, a signal is a function that conveys information about a phenomenon. Any quantity that can vary over space or time can be used as a signal to share messages between observers.
Phase (waves)In physics and mathematics, the phase (symbol φ or ϕ) of a wave or other periodic functionF{\displaystyle F} of some real variable t{\displaystyle t} (such as time) is an angle-like quantity representing the fraction of the cycle covered up to t{\displaystyle t}. It is expressed in such a scale that it varies by one full turn as the variable t{\displaystyle t} goes through each period (and F(t){\displaystyle F(t)} goes through each complete cycle).
CPU multiplierFactor influencing processor clock speed In computing, a clock multiplier (also known as a CPU multiplier or bus/core ratio) determines how many times faster the processor’s internal clock runs compared to its external base clock. It directly influences the CPU’s operating frequency, calculated as: CPU Speed = Base Clock × Multiplier. For example, a processor with a 100 MHz base clock and a 36× multiplier runs at 3.6 GHz internally.
TelecommunicationsTransmission of information electromagneticallyEarth station at the satellite communication facility Raisting Earth Station in Raisting, Weilheim-Schongau, Bavaria, GermanyTelecommunication, often used in its plural form or abbreviated as telecom, is the transmission of information over a distance using electrical or electronic means, typically through cables, radio waves, or other communication technologies.
RadioRadio is the technology of communicating using radio waves. Radio waves are electromagnetic waves of frequency between 3 hertz (Hz) and 300 gigahertz (GHz). They are generated by an electronic device called a transmitter connected to an antenna which radiates the waves. They can be received by other antennas connected to a radio receiver; this is the fundamental principle of radio communication.
HertzThe hertz (symbol: Hz) is the unit of frequency in the International System of Units (SI), often described as being equivalent to one event (or cycle) per second. The hertz is an SI derived unit whose formal expression in terms of SI base units is 1/s or s−1, meaning that one hertz is one per second or the reciprocal of one second. It is used only in the case of periodic events.*As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases.