Software repositoryA software repository, or repo for short, is a storage location for software packages. Often a table of contents is also stored, along with metadata. A software repository is typically managed by source or version control, or repository managers. Package managers allow automatically installing and updating repositories, sometimes called "packages".
Installation (computer programs)Installation (or setup) of a computer program (including device drivers and plugins) is the act of making the program ready for execution. Installation refers to the particular configuration of software or hardware with a view to making it usable with the computer. A soft or digital copy of the piece of software (program) is needed to install it. There are different processes of installing a piece of software (program).
DatabaseIn computing, a database is an organized collection of data or a type of data store based on the use of a database management system (DBMS), the software that interacts with end users, applications, and the database itself to capture and analyze the data. The DBMS additionally encompasses the core facilities provided to administer the database. The sum total of the database, the DBMS and the associated applications can be referred to as a database system.
Software versioningSoftware versioning is the process of assigning unique version names or unique version numbers to unique states of computer software. A commonly adopted scheme for version numbers is known as semantic versioning (SemVer), which comprises a three-part version number (Major.Minor.Patch), an optional prerelease tag (e.g. alpha, beta), and an optional build meta tag. A fourth number may also be used to denote the software build, as was the case for Adobe Flash.Package formatPackage format is a type of archive containing computer programs and additional metadata needed by package managers; an instance of this type of archive is called a package. While the archive file format itself may be unchanged, package formats carry additional metadata, such as a manifest file or certain directory layouts. Packages may contain either source code or executable files. Packages may be converted from one type to another with software such as Alien.
SoftwareSoftware (SW) consists of computer programs that instruct the execution of a computer. Software also includes design documents and specifications. The history of software is closely tied to the development of digital computers in the mid-20th century. Early programs were written in the machine language specific to the hardware.
Coupling (computer programming)In software engineering, coupling is the degree of interdependence between software modules, a measure of how closely connected two routines or modules are, and the strength of the relationships between modules. Coupling is not binary but multi-dimensional. Coupling is usually contrasted with cohesion. Low coupling often correlates with high cohesion, and vice versa.
MetadataData about other dataIn the 21st century, metadata typically refers to digital forms, but traditional card catalogs contain metadata, with cards holding information about books in a library (author, title, subject, etc.).Metadata (or metainformation) is data (or information) that defines and describes the characteristics of other data. It often helps to describe, explain, locate, or otherwise make data easier to retrieve, use, or manage.
Cryptographic hash functionA cryptographic hash function (CHF) is a hash algorithm (a map of an arbitrary binary string to a binary string with a fixed size of n{\displaystyle n} bits) that has special properties desirable for cryptographic applications. Hashing is a one-directional mathematical operation which is quick to calculate, yet hard to reverse. Common uses include password storage and digital signatures.
ChecksumA checksum is a small-sized block of data derived from another block of digital data for the purpose of detecting errors that may have been introduced during its transmission or storage. By themselves, checksums are often used to verify data integrity but are not relied upon to verify data authenticity. The procedure that generates this checksum is called a checksum function or checksum algorithm.
Archive fileAn archive file stores the content of one or more computer files, possibly compressed and/or encrypted, with associated metadata such as file name, directory structure, error detection and correction information, and commentary. An archive file is often used to facilitate portability, distribution and backup, and to reduce storage use. An archive file is usually generated and modified via a file archiverutility.
ComputerProgrammable machine that processes dataComputers and computing devices from different eras—left to right, top to bottom: Early vacuum-tube computer (ENIAC)Mainframe computer (IBM System/360)Smartphone (LYF Water 2)Desktop computer (IBM ThinkCentre S50 with monitor)Supercomputer (IBM Summit)A computer is a machine that can be programmed to automatically carry out sequences of arithmetic or logical operations (computation).*As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases.