Republic of China Armed ForcesMilitary forces of TaiwanShorter name: National ArmyTraditional Chinese國軍Simplified Chinese国军Literal meaningNational MilitaryFormer name: National Revolutionary ArmyTraditional Chinese國民革命軍Simplified Chinese国民革命军Literal meaningNational Revolutionary MilitaryThe Republic of China Armed Forces (Chinese: 中華民國國軍; pinyin: Zhōnghuá Mínguó Guójūn; lit.
Chiang Kai-shekLeader of the Republic of China from 1928 to 1975Personal detailsBornChiang Jui-yuan(1887-10-31)31 October 1887Xikou, Zhejiang, ChinaDied5 April 1975(1975-04-05) (aged 87)Taipei, TaiwanResting placeCihu MausoleumPartyKuomintangSpousesMao Fumei (m. 1901; div.
Warlord EraMajor Chinese warlord coalitions in 1925.
Military Affairs CommissionThe Military Affairs Commission (MAC) of the Nationalist Government, chaired by Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek during the Second Sino-Japanese War and World War II, directed the command of the National Revolutionary Army of the Republic of China.
Northern ExpeditionThe Northern Expedition was a military campaign launched by the National Revolutionary Army (NRA) of the Kuomintang (KMT) against the Beiyang government and other regional warlords in 1926. The purpose of the campaign was to reunify China, which had become fragmented in the aftermath of the 1911 Revolution. The expedition was led by Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek, and was divided into two phases.
Second Sino-Japanese War1937–1945 conflict in East AsiaBelligerentsChinaKuomintangCommunist Party of ChinaSoviet Volunteer GroupAmerican Volunteer GroupUnited StatesChina Burma India theaterJapanManchukuoWang Jingwei regimeMengjiangNorth China Political CouncilCommanders and leadersKMT:Chiang Kai-shekHe YingqinChen ChengBai ChongxiCheng QianXu YongchangCPC:Mao ZedongZhu DeYe TingChen YiS.E.A.C.:Lord MountbattenJoseph StilwellSun Li-jenLiao YaoxiangImperial General HQ:HirohitoKan'in KotohitoHajime SugiyamaHideki TojoYoshijirō UmezuNorth China Area Army:Hisaichi TerauchiHayao TadaCentral China Area Army:Iwane MatsuiOtozō Yamada:Shunroku HataToshizō NishioYasuji OkamuraUnits involvedSee combatantsStrength 16 million+ totalNationalists1.7 million (1937)2.6 million (1939)5.7 million (1945)Communists640,000 (1937)166,700 (1938)488,744 (1940)1.2 million (1945) 4.1 million totalJapan600,000 (1937)1,015,000 (1939)1,124,900 (1945) (excluding Manchuria and Burma campaign)Puppet states900,000–1,006,086 (1945)Casualties and lossesOfficial Nationalist data1,319,958 killed1,761,335 wounded130,116 missing3,211,409 total casualtiesWestern Estimate2,000,000+ killedCommunist data160,603–161,067 killed285,669–290,467 wounded87,208 missing45,989 POWs446,736 to 584,267 total casualtiesTotal3.85 million casualties1 million+ captured266,800–1,000,000 POWs deadJapanese medical data455,700–700,000 military dead900,000 wounded22,293+ captured1.5~ million total casualtiesPuppet state forces288,140–574,560 dead742,000 woundedMiddle estimate: 960,000 dead and woundedTotal2.4–3.0 million casualties 12,000,000+ civilian deaths14,000,000–22,000,000 total deaths 35,000,000 total Chinese casualties (Chinese claim)^From December 1941.^Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek was the Supreme Allied Commander in the China Theater, meaning U.S. forces technically fell under his overall command.
KuomintangPolitical party in the Republic of ChinaAbbreviationTraditional Chinese國民黨Simplified Chinese国民党Literal meaningNationals' PartyThe Kuomintang (KMT) is a major political party in the Republic of China (Taiwan). It was the sole ruling party of China from 1928 to 1949 until its relocation to Taiwan, and in Taiwan ruled under martial law until 1987.
Chinese Civil WarThe Chinese Civil War was fought between the government of the Republic of China (ROC), led by the Kuomintang (KMT), and the Chinese Communist Party (CCP). Armed conflict continued intermittently from 1 August 1927 until Communist victory that led to the Kuomintang's retreat to Taiwan on 7 December 1949. The war is generally divided into two phases with an interlude.
Constitution of the Republic of ChinaThe Constitution of the Republic of China is the fifth and current constitution of the Republic of China (ROC), ratified by the Kuomintang during the Constituent National Assembly session on 25 December 1946, in Nanking, and adopted on 25 December 1947. The constitution, along with its Additional Articles, remains effective in ROC-controlled territories and is no longer valid in mainland China since 1949.
Republic of China (1912–1949)Today part ofChinaMongoliaMyanmarRussiaVietnamTaiwanTajikistanChinese nameTraditional Chinese中華民國Simplified Chinese中华民国The Republic of China established its governance over Mainland China on 1 January 1912 following the Xinhai Revolution, which overthrew the Manchu-led Qing dynasty and ended China's imperial history.
Soviet UnionThe Soviet Union, officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR), was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from its formation in 1922 until its dissolution in 1991. It was the world's third-most populous country, the largest by area, and bordered twelve other countries.
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