HyphenThe hyphen‐ is a punctuation mark used to join words and to separate syllables of a single word. The use of hyphens is called hyphenation. The hyphen is sometimes confused with dashes (en dash–, em dash— and others), which are wider, or with the minus sign−, which is also wider and usually drawn a little higher to match the crossbar in the plus sign+. As an orthographic concept, the hyphen is a single entity.
CommaThe comma, is a punctuation mark that appears in several variants in different languages. Some typefaces render it as a small line, slightly curved or straight, but inclined from the vertical; others give it the appearance of a miniature filled-in figure 9 placed on the baseline. In many typefaces it is the same shape as an apostrophe or single closing quotation mark’.
Keyboard layoutA keyboard layout is any specific physical, visual, or functional arrangement of key switches, legends, or key mapping (respectively) of a keyboard. Layouts are used on computer keyboards, for virtual keyboards (including mobile phones or other touchscreens), or other typographic input devices. Standard layouts vary depending on their intended writing system, language, and use case.
UnicodeCharacter encoding standardUnicode (also known as The Unicode Standard and TUS) is a character encoding standard maintained by the Unicode Consortium designed to support the use of text in all of the world's writing systems that can be digitized. Version 18.0 defines 172,808 characters and 175 scripts used in various ordinary, literary, academic and technical contexts.Full stopThe full stop (Commonwealth English), period (North American English), or full point (.), is a punctuation mark used for several purposes, most often to mark the end of a declarative sentence (as distinguished from a question or exclamation). A full stop is frequently used at the end of word abbreviations—in British usage, primarily truncations such as Rev., but not after contractions which retain the final letter such as Revd; in American English, it is used in both cases.
TypographyTypography is the art and technique of arranging type to make written languagelegible and readable when displayed. The arrangement of type involves selecting typefaces, point sizes, line lengths, line spacing, letter spacing, and spaces between pairs of letters. The term typography is also applied to the style, arrangement, and appearance of the letters, numbers, and symbols created by the process.
CliticIn linguistics, a clitic ( , backformed from Ancient Greekἐγκλιτικός (enklitikós)'leaning, enclitic') is a morpheme that has syntactic characteristics of a word, but depends phonologically on another word or phrase. In this sense, it is syntactically independent but phonologically dependent—always attached to a host. A clitic is pronounced like an affix, but plays a syntactic role at the phrase level.
Space (punctuation)In writing, a space () is a blank area that separates words, sentences, and other written or printed glyphs (characters). Conventions for spacing vary among languages, and in some languages the spacing rules are complex. Inter-word spaces ease the reader's task of identifying words, and avoid outright ambiguities such as "now here" vs. "nowhere". They also provide convenient guides for where a human or program may start new lines.ElisionIn linguistics, an elision or deletion is the omission of one or more sounds (such as a vowel, a consonant, or a whole syllable) in a word or phrase. However, these terms are also used to refer more narrowly to cases where two words are run together by the omission of a final sound. An example is the elision of word-final /t/ in English if it is preceded and followed by a consonant: "first light" is often pronounced "firs' light" (/fɜrs laɪt/).
Classical LatinClassical Latin is the form of Latin recognized as a literarystandard by writers of the late Roman Republic and early Roman Empire. It developed around 75 BC from Old Latin, and developed by the 3rd century AD into Late Latin. In some later periods, the former was regarded as good or proper Latin, while the latter was seen as debased, degenerate, or corrupted.
Common EraEra names equivalent to AD/BC Today(at UTC+00)Monday, 14 September 2026Common Era14 September 2026 CE Other calendars Akan Fodwo Armenian 26 Hoṙi 1476 Aztec Tititl 7, 1 Cuāuhtli Babylonian 1 Ululu, 2337 SE Balinese pawukon Menga, Pasah, Sri, Wage, Tungleh, Coma of Parangbakat, Sri, Urungan, Dewa Bengali 30 Bhadro, BS 1433 Chinese Yin Metal Rabbit・Exntended Net Mansion4 Bāyuè, Bǐngwǔnián(Bailu, 9 days until Qiufen) Common Era 14 September 2026 CE Coptic 4 Thout, AM 1743 Egyptian 1 Mechir, 2775 NE Ethiopian 4 Maskaram, 2019 Amätä Məhrät French Republican Décade III, Octidi de Fructidor de l'Année 234 de la République Gregorian 14 September, AD 2026 Hebrew 3 Tishrei, AM 5787 Hindu Citrā・BrahmanSolar: 29 Bhādrapada, 1948 SELunisolar: Tr̥tīyā, Śukla pakṣa of Bhādrapada, 2083 VERāudra・5127 KY・1,872,832 Icelandic Mánudagur, 21 Tvímánuður 2026 Islamic 1 Rabi' al-thani, AH 1448 (using tabular method) ISO week date 2026-W38-1 Japanese 4 Hazuki, Reiwa 8(Hakuro, 9 days until Shūbun) Julian 1 September, AD 2026 (AM 7534) Julian day 2461298 Maya 13.0.13.16.158 Chen, 1 Men Roman Kalendis Septembribus, MMDCCLXXIX AUC Solar Hijri 23 Shahrivar, SH 1405 Tibetan 3 khrums, me pho rta2153 or 1772 or 1000 [refresh] Common Era (CE) and Before the Common Era (BCE) are conventions used in the Gregorian or Julian calendar to specify whether the year is before or after the epoch.
Word dividerIn punctuation, a word divider is a glyph whose purpose is to separate words. In languages which use the Latin, Cyrillic, and Arabicscripts, as well as other scripts of Europe and West Asia, the word divider is a blank space, or whitespace. However, there are a number of other word divider characters in use as well, either currently or historically. For example, the interpunct, · often used in Latin inscriptions.*As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases.