Philosophy of biologyThe philosophy of biology is a subfield of philosophy of science, which deals with epistemological, metaphysical, and ethical issues in the biological and biomedical sciences. Although philosophers of science and philosophers generally have long been interested in biology (e.g., Aristotle, Descartes, and Kant), philosophy of biology only emerged as an independent field of philosophy in the 1960s and 1970s, associated with the research of David Hull.
Robert J. RichardsRobert J. Richards (born 1942) is an author and the Morris Fishbein Distinguished Service Professor of the History of Science and Medicine at the University of Chicago. He has written or edited seven books about the history of science as well as dozens of articles.
Relationship between science and religionThe relationship between science and religion involves discussions that interconnect the study of the natural world, history, philosophy, and theology. Even though the ancient and medieval worlds did not have conceptions resembling the modern understandings of "science" or of "religion", certain elements of modern ideas on the subject recur throughout history.McMaster UniversityMcMaster University (McMaster or Mac) is a public research university in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. The main McMaster campus is on 152.4 hectares (377 acres) of land near the residential neighbourhoods of Ainslie Wood and Westdale, adjacent to the Royal Botanical Gardens. It operates six academic faculties: the DeGroote School of Business and the faculties of Engineering, Health Sciences, Humanities, Social Science, and Science.
University of GuelphRed, gold, black and whiteNicknameGryphonsSporting affiliationsCIS, OUAWebsitewww.uoguelph.caThe University of Guelph (U of G or Guelph) is a comprehensive publicresearch university in Guelph, Ontario, Canada.
Florida State UniversityPublic university in Tallahassee, Florida, USFlorida State University (FSU or Florida State) is a publicresearch university in Tallahassee, Florida, United States. It is a senior member of the State University System of Florida and a preeminent university in the state. Chartered in 1851, it is located on Florida's oldest continuous site of higher education.
Philosophy of scienceBranch of philosophy Branches Epistemology Ethics Logic Metaphysics Aesthetics Education History Language Law Metaphilosophy Mind Ontology Phenomenology Political Religion Science Philosophers Aesthetic philosophers Epistemologists Ethicists Logicians Metaphysicians Philosophers of mind Religion philosophers Social and political philosophers Women in philosophy vte Philosophy of science (also theory of science) is the branch of philosophy concerned with the foundations, methods, and implications of science.
Rejection of evolution by religious groupsReligious rejection of evolutionA satirical cartoon from 1882, parodying Charles Darwin's theory of evolution, on the publication of The Formation of Vegetable Mould through the Action of Worms (1881)Recurring cultural, political, and theologicalrejection of evolution by religious groups exists regarding the origins of the Earth, of humanity, and of other life.
ScienceSystematic endeavour to gain knowledgeScience is a systematic discipline that builds and organises knowledge in the form of testable explanations about nature and society. It is driven by the scientific method: an empirical cycle that typically involves making observations, producing hypotheses, testing them with evidence, and drawing conclusions.
BirminghamBirmingham ( BUR-ming-əm) is a city and metropolitan borough in the centre of the West Midlands region of England. It is the largest local authority district in England by population and the second-largest city in Britain – commonly referred to as the second city of the United Kingdom – with a population of 1.2 million people in the city proper in 2025.
Fellow of the Royal Society of CanadaFellowship of the Royal Society of Canada (FRSC) is an award granted to individuals that the Royal Society of Canada judges to have "made remarkable contributions in the arts, the humanities and the sciences, as well as in Canadian public life". As of 2025, there are more than 3,700 Canadian fellows, including scholars, artists, and scientists such as Margaret Atwood, Philip J. Currie, David Suzuki, Brenda Milner, and Demetri Terzopoulos.Bootham School
Demarcation problemPhilosophical question of how to distinguish between science and non-science In philosophy of science and epistemology, the demarcation problem is the question of how to distinguish between science and non-science. It also examines the boundaries between science, pseudoscience and other products of human activity, like art and literature and beliefs. The debate continues after more than two millennia of dialogue among philosophers of science and scientists in various fields.*As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases.