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Merrick Garland

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American lawyer and jurist (born 1952)Merrick Brian Garland (born November 13, 1952) is an American lawyer and jurist who served as the 86th United States attorney general from 2021 to 2025. He previously served as a circuit judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit from 1997 to 2021. In 2016, the U.S. Senate refused to hold a confirmation hearing after President Barack Obamanominated him to the U.S. Supreme Court.

United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia CircuitUnited States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia CircuitThe United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit (in , D.C. Cir.) is one of thirteen United States Courts of Appeals. It has the smallest geographical jurisdiction of any of the U.S. courts of appeals, and it covers only the U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia. It meets at the E. Barrett Prettyman United States Courthouse in Washington, DC.Supreme Court of the United StatesSupreme Court of the United StatesHighest court of jurisdiction in the U.S.The Supreme Court of the United States (SCOTUS) is the highest court in the federal judiciary of the United States. It has ultimate appellate jurisdiction over all U.S. federal court cases, and over state court cases that turn on questions of U.S. constitutional or federal law.Merrick Garland Supreme Court nominationMerrick Garland Supreme Court nominationUnited States Supreme Court nominationPersonalEarly life and careerFamilyHonorsPublic imagePublications Dreams from My FatherThe Audacity of HopeA Promised LandSummer playlistNon-profit organizations Obama FoundationOne America AppealSpeechesIllinois State Senator and U.S. Senator from IllinoisIllinois State Senate tenure2004 DNC keynote addressU.S. Senate tenure2004 electionsponsored bills44th President of the United StatesPresidencytimelineTransitionInaugurationsfirstsecondEfforts to impeachPresidential libraryTenureFirst 100 daysRecovery ActTripsinternationalRussia nuclear treatyNobel Peace PrizeAffordable Care ActDodd–FrankIraq withdrawalKilling of Osama bin Laden2011 debt-ceiling crisisLibya interventionAfghanistan withdrawalBenghazi attack2013 debt-ceiling crisisAnti-ISIL campaignIraqSyriaTan suit controversyIran nuclear dealCuban thawSanctions against RussiaSelma 50th anniversary speechParis AgreementPoliciesEconomicEnergyForeignArcticEuropeEast AsiaMiddle EastSouth AsiaObama DoctrinePardonsMarineNativeSocialSpaceAppointmentsCabinetJudiciarySotomayorKaganGarlandSupreme Court candidatesPresidential campaigns2008electionprimariesconventiondebatesObama coalition2012electionprimariesconventiondebatesOn March 16, 2016, PresidentBarack Obama nominated Merrick Garland for Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States to succeed Antonin Scalia, who had died one month earlier.United States federal judgeUnited States federal judgeIn the United States, a federal judge is a judge who serves on a court established under Article Three of the U.S. Constitution. Often called "Article III judges", federal judges include the chief justice and associate justices of the U.S. Supreme Court, circuit judges of the U.S. courts of appeals, district judges of the U.S. district courts, and judges of the U.S. Court of International Trade.United States Attorney GeneralUnited States Attorney GeneralThe United States attorney general (AG) is the head of the United States Department of Justice (DOJ) and serves as the chief law enforcement officer of the federal government. The attorney general acts as the principal legal advisor to the president of the United States on all legal matters. The attorney general is also a statutory member of the Cabinet of the United States and a member of the United States National Security Council.United States SenateUnited States SenateThe United States Senate is a chamber of the bicameralUnited States Congress; it is the upper house, and the U.S. House of Representatives is the lower house. Together, the Senate and House have the authority under Article One of the Constitution to make and pass or defeat federal legislation. The Senate has exclusive power to confirm U.S. presidential appointments, to approve or reject treaties, and to convict or exonerate impeachment cases brought by the House.United States Court of Appeals for the Second CircuitUnited States Court of Appeals for the Second CircuitThe United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit (in case citations, 2d Cir.)Henry FriendlyHenry FriendlyAmerican jurist and judge (1903–1986)Personal detailsBornHenry Jacob Friendly(1903-07-03)July 3, 1903Elmira, New York, U.S.DiedMarch 11, 1986(1986-03-11) (aged 82)New York City, U.S.Cause of deathSuicide by drug overdosePartyRepublicanSpouseSophie Pfaelzer Stern​ ​(m. 1930; died 1985)​Children3EducationHarvard University (AB, LLB)AwardsPresidential Medal of Freedom (1977)Henry Jacob Friendly (July 3, 1903 – March 11, 1986) was an American jurist who served as a federal circuit judge on the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit from 1959 to 1986.Barack ObamaBarack ObamaPresident of the United States from 2009 to 2017PersonalEarly life and careerFamilyHonorsPublic imagePublications Dreams from My FatherThe Audacity of HopeA Promised LandSummer playlistNon-profit organizations Obama FoundationOne America AppealSpeechesIllinois State Senator and U.S. Senator from IllinoisIllinois State Senate tenure2004 DNC keynote addressU.S. Senate tenure2004 electionsponsored bills44th President of the United StatesPresidencytimelineTransitionInaugurationsfirstsecondEfforts to impeachPresidential libraryTenureFirst 100 daysRecovery ActTripsinternationalRussia nuclear treatyNobel Peace PrizeAffordable Care ActDodd–FrankIraq withdrawalKilling of Osama bin Laden2011 debt-ceiling crisisLibya interventionAfghanistan withdrawalBenghazi attack2013 debt-ceiling crisisAnti-ISIL campaignIraqSyriaTan suit controversyIran nuclear dealCuban thawSanctions against RussiaSelma 50th anniversary speechParis AgreementPoliciesEconomicEnergyForeignArcticEuropeEast AsiaMiddle EastSouth AsiaObama DoctrinePardonsMarineNativeSocialSpaceAppointmentsCabinetJudiciarySotomayorKaganGarlandSupreme Court candidatesPresidential campaigns2008electionprimariesconventiondebatesObama coalition2012electionprimariesconventiondebatesBarack Hussein Obama II (born August 4, 1961) is an American retired politician who served as the 44th president of the United States from 2009 to 2017.Harvard Law ReviewThe Harvard Law Review is a law review published by an independent student group at Harvard Law School. According to the Journal Citation Reports, the Harvard Law Review's 2015 impact factor of 4.979 placed the journal first out of 143 journals in the category "Law". It also ranks first in other ranking systems of law reviews.Harvard UniversityHarvard UniversityPrivate university in Cambridge, Massachusetts, USHarvard University is a privateIvy Leagueresearch university in Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States. Founded in 1636, and named Harvard College in 1639 in honor of its first benefactor, Puritan clergyman John Harvard, it is the oldest institution of higher learning in the United States. Its influence, wealth, and rankings have made it one of the most prestigious universities in the world.Harvard Law SchoolHarvard Law School (HLS) is the law school of Harvard University, a private Ivy League research university in Cambridge, Massachusetts. Founded in 1817, it is the oldest law school in continuous operation in the United States. Each class in the three-year JD program has approximately 560 students, which is among the largest law schools in the United States.Law clerkLaw clerkA law clerk, judicial clerk, or judicial assistant is a person, typically a lawyer, who provides direct counsel and assistance to a judge or lawyer by researching issues and drafting legal opinions for cases before the court. Judicial clerks often play significant roles in the formation of case law through their influence upon judges' decisions.

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