XMPPExtensible Messaging and Presence Protocol (abbreviationXMPP, originally named Jabber) is an opencommunication protocol designed for instant messaging (IM), presence information, and contact list maintenance. Based on XML (Extensible Markup Language), it enables the near-real-time exchange of structured data between two or more network entities.
Communication protocolA communication protocol is a system of rules that allows two or more entities of a communications system to transmit information. The protocol defines the rules, syntax, semantics, and synchronization of communication and possible error recovery methods. Protocols may be implemented by hardware, software, or a combination of both. Communicating systems use well-defined formats for exchanging various messages.
Simple Mail Transfer ProtocolThe Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) is an Internet standardcommunication protocol for electronic mail transmission. Mail servers and other message transfer agents use SMTP to send and receive mail messages. User-level email clients typically use SMTP only for sending messages to a mail server for relaying, and typically submit outgoing email to the mail server on port 465 or 587 per RFC8314.
Voice over IPVoice over Internet Protocol (VoIP), also known as IP telephony, is a set of technologies used primarily for voice communication sessions over Internet Protocol (IP) networks, such as the Internet. VoIP enables voice calls to be transmitted as data packets, facilitating various methods of voice communication, including voice and video conferencing applications and appliances and VoIP phones.Real-time communicationReal-time communication (RTC) is a category of software protocols and communication hardware media that gives real-time guarantees, which is necessary to support real-time guarantees of real-time computing. In real-time communication, protocols are concerned not only with the validity and integrity of data transferred but also the timeliness of the transfer.
Federation (information technology)A federation is a group of computing or network providers agreeing upon standards of operation in a collective fashion. The most widely known example is the Internet, which is federated around the Internet Protocol (IP) stack of protocols.
Application layerAn application layer is an abstraction layer that specifies the shared communication protocols and interface methods used by hosts in a communications network. An application layer abstraction is specified in both the Internet Protocol Suite (TCP/IP) and the OSI model. Although both models use the same term for their respective highest-level layer, the detailed definitions and purposes are different.
Online chatOnline chat is any direct text-, audio- or video-based (webcams), one-on-one or one-to-many (group) chat (formally also known as synchronous conferencing), using tools such as instant messengers, Internet Relay Chat (IRC), talkers and possibly MUDs or other online games. Online chat includes web-based applications that allow communication – often directly addressed, but anonymous between users in a multi-user environment.Open standardAn open standard is a standard that is openly accessible and usable by anyone. It is also a common prerequisite that open standards use an open license that provides for extensibility. Typically, anybody can participate in their development due to their inherently open nature. There is no single definition, and interpretations vary with usage. Examples of open standards include the GSM, 4G, and 5G standards that allow most modern mobile phones to work world-wide.VideotelephonyReal-time video communicationA telepresence system in 2007Videotelephony, also known as video chat, videoconferencing, video calling, or telepresence, is the use of audio and video for simultaneous two-way communication. Videophones were standalone devices for video calling (compare Telephone). As smartphones and computers have become capable of video calling, the demand for a separate category of videophones has disappeared.Store and forwardStore and forward is a telecommunications technique in which a digital data stream is sent to an intermediate station where it is kept in digital storage and sent at a later time to the final destination or to another intermediate station. The intermediate station, or node in a networking context, verifies the integrity of the message before forwarding it.
Telecommunications companyA telecommunications company is an electronic communications service provider, more precisely a telecommunications service provider (TSP), that provides telecommunications services such as telephony and data communications access. Many formerly solely telephone companies now function as internet service providers (ISPs), and the distinction between a telephone company and ISP has faded as the current trend for supplier convergence in the industry develops.*As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases.