Sacred ValleyThe Sacred Valley of the Incas (Spanish: Valle Sagrado de los Incas; Quechua: Willka Qhichwa), or the Urubamba Valley, is a valley in the Andes of Peru, north of the Inca capital of Cusco. It is located in the present-day Peruvian region of Cusco. In colonial documents it was referred to as the "Valley of Yucay". The Sacred Valley was incorporated slowly into the Inca Empire during the period from 1000 to 1400. The Sacred Valley is a major tourist destination.
Urubamba RiverThe Urubamba River or Vilcamayo River (possibly from QuechuaWillkamayu, for "sacred river") is a river in Peru. Upstream it is called Vilcanota River (possibly from AymaraWillkanuta, for "house of the sun"). Within the La Convención Province, the name changes to Urubamba. A partially navigable headwater of the Amazon River, the Urubamba rises in the Andes to the southeast of Cusco.
CuscoCusco or Cuzco (; Latin American Spanish:; Qusqu or Quechua: Qosqo, both pronounced in Cuzco Quechua as) is a city in southeastern Peru, near the Sacred Valley of the Andes mountain range, and the Huatanay and Urubamba rivers. It is the capital and largest city of the eponymous Cusco Province and Cusco Department. It has historically been one of the largest cultural, economic and political centers of Peru.
Spanish conquest of the Inca EmpirePeriod of the Spanish conquest in South AmericaBelligerentsSpanish Empire (1537–1554) New Castile (1529–1542)New Toledo (1534–1542)Viceroyalty of Peru (1542–1572)Indian auxiliariesCañariCaxamarcas (various groups)HuancasChankasHuaylasChachapoyasHuáscaran IncasInca Empire (1532–1536)Neo-Inca State (1537–1572)Commanders and leadersFrancisco Pizarro XDiego de Almagro Gonzalo Pizarro †Hernando PizarroJuan Pizarro †Hernando de SotoSebastián de BenalcázarPedro de AlvaradoFrancis…
Inca Empire1438–1533 empire in South AmericaThe Inca Empire, officially known as the Realm of the Four Parts (Quechua: Tawantinsuyupronounced, lit. 'land of four parts'), was the largest empire in pre-Columbian America. The administrative, political, and military center of the empire was in the city of Cusco. The Inca civilisation rose from the Peruvian highlands sometime in the early 13th century.
PachacutiQuechuaPachakutiy Inka YupankiSpanishPachacútec/Pachacuti Inca YupanquiLineage (panaka)Iñaca Panaka, later Hatun AylluDynastyHanan Qusqu, moietyFatherViracocha IncaMotherMama RuntuReligionInca mythology:Inti sun cult or Viracocha cultPachacuti Inca Yupanqui, also called Pachacútec (Quechua: Pachakutiy Inka Yupanki, pronounced), was the ninth Sapa Inca of the Chiefdom of Cusco, which he transformed into the Inca Empire (Tawantinsuyu).
Urubamba provinceUrubamba is one of thirteen provinces in the Cusco Region in the southern highlands of Peru.
Machupicchu DistrictMachupicchu (from QuechuaMachu Pikchu, "old peak") is one of seven districts of the Urubamba Province in Peru. The village of Machupicchu is the seat or capital of the district. GeographyThe Urupampa and Willkapampa mountain ranges traverse the district.
PeruPeru, officially the Republic of Peru, is a country in western South America. It is bordered to the north by Ecuador and Colombia, to the east by Brazil, to the southeast by Bolivia, to the south by Chile, and to the south and west by the Pacific Ocean.
Radiocarbon datingRadiocarbon dating (also referred to as carbon dating or carbon-14 dating) is a method for determining the age of an object containing organic material by using the properties of radiocarbon, a radioactive isotope of carbon. The method was developed in the late 1940s at the University of Chicago by Willard Libby. It is based on the fact that radiocarbon (14C) is constantly being created in the Earth's atmosphere by the interaction of cosmic rays with atmospheric nitrogen.
Cordillera Oriental (Peru)The Cordillera Oriental is a mountain range (cordillera) that forms the eastern branch of the Andes in Peru. It contains Paleozoicmetamorphic rocks and runs through the entire country, from the Ecuadorian border in the north to the Bolivian border in the south. It has an approximate length of 1,800 km and is located along the edge of the Peruvian Amazon.
CitadelA citadel is the most fortified area of a town or city. It may be a castle, fortress, or fortified center. The term is a diminutive of city, meaning "little city", because it is a smaller part of the city of which it is the defensive core. In a fortification with bastions, the citadel is the strongest part of the system, sometimes well inside the outer walls and bastions, but often forming part of the outer wall for the sake of economy.*As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases.