Prime Minister of UkraineThe prime minister of Ukraine (Ukrainian: Прем'єр-міністр України, Premier-ministr Ukrainy, pronounced) is the head of government of Ukraine. The prime minister presides over the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine, which is the highest body of the executive branch of the Ukrainian government.
Leonid KravchukPersonal detailsBorn(1934-01-10)10 January 1934Żytyń Wielki, Poland(now Velykyi Zhytyn, Ukraine)Died10 May 2022(2022-05-10) (aged 88)Munich, Bavaria, GermanyResting placeBaikove Cemetery, KyivPartyCommunist Party of the Soviet Union (1958–1991)Independent (1991–1994, 2009–2022)Social Democratic Party of Ukraine (united) (1998–2009)Ne Tak (2006)SpouseAntonina Mishura(m. 1957)Children1EducationKyiv State University (1958) (1970)AwardsFull listSignatureKravchuk during a press conference with U.S. president Bill ClintonRecorded 12 January 1994Central institution membership 1970–1991: Member,Central Committee of the Communist Party of Ukraine 1989–1991: Candidate member,Politburo of the Communist Party of Ukraine 1990–1991: Second Secretary,Politburo of the Communist Party of Ukraine A. ^ Acting: 24 August – 5 December 1991.B. ^Supreme Soviet until 24 August 1991.C. ^Party-list proportional representation seat.Leonid Makarovych Kravchuk (Ukrainian: Леонід Макарович Кравчук, IPA:; 10 January 1934 – 10 May 2022) was a Ukrainian politician who served as the first president of Ukraine from 5 December 1991 to 19 July 1994.
1994 Ukrainian parliamentary electionResults by regionParliamentary elections were held in Ukraine on 27 March 1994, with a second round between 2 and 10 April. These were the first parliamentary elections in Ukraine as an independent state. A total of 15 political parties won seats, although a majority of deputies were independents. However, 112 seats remained unfilled, and a succession of by-elections were required in July, August, November and December 1994 and more in December 1995 and April 1996.1994 Ukrainian presidential electionFirst round results by oblastSecond round results by oblastEarly presidential elections were held in Ukraine on 26 June 1994, with a second round on 10 July. They were held ahead of schedule following a compromise between President Leonid Kravchuk and the Verkhovna Rada, the Ukrainian parliament. The elections saw Kravchuk defeated by his former Prime MinisterLeonid Kuchma.
President of UkraineThe president of Ukraine (Ukrainian: Президент України, romanized: Prezydent Ukrainy, pronounced) is the head of state of Ukraine. The president represents the nation in international relations, administers the foreign political activity of the state, conducts negotiations and concludes international treaties.
Verkhovna RadaUnicameral legislature of UkraineThe Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine is the unicameral parliament of Ukraine. It consists of 450 deputies presided over by a speaker. The Verkhovna Rada meets in the Verkhovna Rada building in Ukraine's capital, Kyiv.
1990 Ukrainian Supreme Soviet electionResults by constituencySupreme Soviet elections were held in the Ukrainian SSR on 4 March 1990, with runoffs in some seats held between 10 and 18 March. The elections were held to elect deputies to the republic's parliament, the Verkhovna Rada. Simultaneously, elections of oblast councils also took place in their respective administrative divisions.
Russia–Ukraine relationsBilateral relationsThere are currently no diplomatic or bilateral relations between Russia and Ukraine. The two states have been at war since Russia invaded the Crimean peninsula in February 2014, and Russian-controlled armed groups seized Donbas government buildings in May 2014.
Ukrainian oligarchsUkrainian oligarchs (Ukrainian: українські олігархи, romanized: ukrayinski oliharkhy) are business oligarchs who emerged on the economic and political scene of Ukraine after the 1991 Ukrainian independence referendum. This period saw Ukraine transitioning to a market economy, with the rapid privatization of state-owned assets. Those developments mirrored those of the neighboring post-Soviet states after the dissolution of the Soviet Union.
Soviet UnionThe Soviet Union, officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR), was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from its formation in 1922 until its dissolution in 1991. It was the world's third-most populous country, the largest by area, and bordered twelve other countries.
Ukrainian languageEast Slavic languageUkrainian (українська мова, ukrainska mova, IPA:) is an East Slavic language, spoken primarily in Ukraine. It is the first (native) language of a large majority of Ukrainians. Written Ukrainian uses the Ukrainian alphabet, a variant of the Cyrillic script. The standard language is studied by the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and Potebnia Institute of Linguistics.
Democratic backslidingDrift towards authoritarianismSince c. 2010, the number of countries autocratizing (blue) has been higher than those democratizing (yellow).Democratic backsliding is a form of autocratization, a process of structural government transition from democracy toward authoritarianism in which the exercise of political power becomes less limited and more arbitrary and repressive.
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