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Language isolate

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Language that has no demonstrable genetic relationship with other languagesLocations of a few examples of language isolatesA language isolate, sometimes called an isolated language, is a language that has no demonstrable genealogical relationship with any other language. That is, an isolate is a language family that only contains one member.

Language familyLanguage familyA language family is a group of languages related through descent from a common ancestor, called the proto-language of that family. The term family is a metaphor borrowed from biology, with the tree model used in historical linguistics analogous to a family tree, or to phylogenetic trees of taxa used in evolutionary taxonomy. Linguists thus describe the daughter languages within a language family as being genetically related.Kanoê languageKanoê languageKanoê or Kapishana is a nearly extinctlanguage isolate of Rondônia, Brazil. It is nearly extinct, with only 5 speakers in a population of about 319 Kanoê people. The Kapishana people now speak Portuguese or other indigenous languages from intermarriage. The language names are also spelled Kapixana, Kapixanã, and Canoé, the last shared with Awa-Canoeiro.LanguageLanguageStructured system of communicationA mural in Teotihuacan, Mexico (c. 2nd century) depicting a person emitting a speech scroll from his mouth, symbolizing speechA Cuneiform tabletChildren of deaf adults using American Sign LanguageBraille, a tactile writing systemLanguage is a structured system of communication that consists of grammar and vocabulary.Zuni languageZuni languageLanguage indigenous to New Mexico ZuniShiwiʼmaPronunciation[ˈʃiwiʔma]Native toU.S.RegionWestern New MexicoEthnicityZuniNative speakers9,620 (2015)Language familyLanguage isolateLanguage codesISO 639-2zunISO 639-3zunGlottologzuni1245ELPZuniPre-European contact distribution of ZuniThis article contains IPA phonetic symbols. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Unicode characters.Trumai languageTrumai languageEndangered language isolate of Brazil TrumaíTramalhyho kod keNative toBrazilRegionupper Xingu River region of the Xingu Indigenous ParkEthnicity120 Trumai people (2006)Native speakers51 of varying fluency (2006)Language familyLanguage isolateLanguage codesISO 639-3tpyGlottologtrum1247ELPTrumaiTrumai is classified as Critically Endangered by the UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger.This article contains IPA phonetic symbols.Haida languageHaida languageHaida (X̱aat Kíl, X̱aadas Kíl, X̱aayda Kil, Xaad kil) is the language of the Haida people, spoken in the Haida Gwaiiarchipelago off the coast of western Canada and on Prince of Wales Island in Alaska. An endangered language, Haida currently has 24 native speakers, though revitalization efforts are underway. At the time of the European arrival at Haida Gwaii in 1774, it is estimated that Haida speakers numbered about 15,000.BurushaskiBurushaskiBurushaski (بُرُݸشَسْکِݵ, burúśaski, Burushaski pronunciation:; autonym: 'our language') is a language isolate, spoken by the Burusho people, native to northern Gilgit-Baltistan in Pakistan. There are also a few hundred speakers of this language in Kashmir Valley, India.Sandawe languageSandawe languageSandawe is a language spoken by about 60,000 Sandawe people in the Dodoma Region of Tanzania.Ainu languagesAinu languagesThe Ainu languages ( EYE-noo), sometimes known as Ainuic, are a family of languages traditionally spoken by the Ainu people of northern Japan, southern Sakhalin and the Kuril Islands. The primary varieties of Ainu are alternately considered a group of closely related languages or divergent dialects of a single language isolate.Basque languageBasque languageLanguage of the Basque peopleHadza languageHadza languageHadza is a language isolate spoken along the shores of Lake Eyasi in Tanzania by around 1,000 Hadza people, who include in their number the last full-time hunter-gatherers in Africa. It is one of only three languages in East Africa with click consonants. Despite the small number of speakers, language use is vigorous, with most children learning it, but UNESCO categorizes the language as vulnerable.

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