Khitan small scriptChinese-based script for Khitan languageKhitan small scriptBronze mirror with a poetic inscriptionScript type Logographic with syllabary and possibly some phonogramsPeriod10th century — 12th centuryDirectionTop-to-bottom and right-to-leftLanguagesKhitan languageRelated scriptsParent systemsOracle bone scriptSeal scriptClerical scriptKhitan small scriptSister systemsSimplified Chinese, Kanji, Hanja, Tangut script, Chữ Hán, ZhuyinISO 15924ISO 15924Kits (288), Khitan small scriptUnicodeUnicode aliasKhitan Small ScriptUnicode rangeU+18B00–U+18CFF Khitan Small ScriptU+16FE0–U+16FFF Ideographic Symbols & Punct.
Jurchen scriptThe Jurchen script (Jurchen: ; Chinese: 女真文) was the writing system used to write the Jurchen language, the language of the Jurchen people who created the Jin Empire in northeastern China in the 12th–13th centuries. It was derived from the Khitan script, which in turn was derived from Chinese (Han characters). The script has only been decoded to a small extent. The Jurchen script is part of the Chinese family of scripts.
Khitan languageKhitan or Kitan ( in large script or in small, Khitai; Chinese: , Qìdānyǔ), also known as Liao, is an extinct language once spoken in Northeast Asia by the Khitan people (4th to 13th century CE). It was the official language of the Liao Empire (907–1125) and the Qara Khitai (1124–1218). Owing to a narrow corpus of known words and a partially undeciphered script, the language has yet to be completely reconstructed.
Horizontal and vertical writing in East Asian scriptsVietnamese nameVietnamese alphabetviết ngangHán-Nôm曰昂Korean nameHangul횡서,가로쓰기Hanja橫書Mongolian nameMongolian Cyrillicбосоо бичигMongolian scriptᠪᠣᠰᠤᠭ ᠠ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭJapanese nameKanji横書き横組みHiraganaよこがきよこぐみVietnamese nameVietnamese alphabetviết dọcHán-Nôm曰𫆡Korean nameHangul종서세로쓰기Hanja縱書Japanese nameHiraganaたてがきたてぐみKyūjitai縱書き縱組みShinjitai縦書き縦組みMany East Asian scripts can be written horizontally or vertically.
Khitan peopleThe Khitan people (Khitan small script: ; Chinese: ; pinyin: Qìdān) were a historical nomadic people from East Asia and parts of North Asia who, from the 4th century, inhabited an area corresponding to parts of modern Mongolia, Northeast China, and the Russian Far East. As a people descended from the proto-Mongols through the Xianbei, Khitans spoke the now-extinct Khitan language, a Para-Mongolic language related to the Mongolic languages.
LogogramGrapheme which represents a word or a morpheme Egyptian hieroglyphs, including logograms such as the sun disk (⊙, visible several times here) In a written language, a logogram (from Ancient Greek logos 'word', and gramma 'that which is drawn or written'), also logograph or lexigraph, is a written character that represents a semantic component of a language, such as a word or morpheme.
Liao dynastyThe Liao dynasty (; traditional Chinese: 遼朝; simplified Chinese: 辽朝; pinyin: Liáo cháo), also known as the Khitan State (Mos diau-d kitai huldʒi gur), officially the Great Liao (Chinese: 大遼; pinyin: Dà Liáo), was a Khitan-led imperial dynasty of China and empire ruled by the Yelü clan that existed between 916 and 1125.
Chinese languageChinese (spoken: simplified Chinese: 汉语; traditional Chinese: 漢語; pinyin: Hànyǔ, written: 中文; Zhōngwén) is a collection of language varieties containing almost all Sinitic languages except Macro-Bai languages, natively spoken by the Han Chinese and some ethnic minorities in Greater China, as well as by communities of the overseas Chinese.
Jurchen peopleJurchen (Manchu: ᠵᡠᡧᡝᠨ, romanized: Jušen, [dʒuʃən]; Chinese: 女真, romanized: Nǚzhēn, [nỳ.ʈʂə́n]) were a number of East Asian Tungusic-speaking people. They lived in northeastern China, also known as Manchuria, before the 18th century. The Jurchens were renamed Manchus in 1635 by Hong Taiji. The Jurchens were culturally diverse, with different groups living as hunter-gatherers, pastoralist semi-nomads, or sedentary agriculturists.
EpitaphAn epitaph (from Ancient Greek (epitáphios)'a funeral oration'; from (epi-)'at, over' and (táphos)'tomb') is a short text honoring a deceased person. Strictly speaking, it refers to text that is inscribed on a tombstone or plaque, but it may also be used in a figurative sense. Some epitaphs are specified by the person themselves before their death, while others are chosen by those responsible for the burial. An epitaph may be written in prose or in verse.
AbaojiHouseYelüDynastyLiaoFatherYelü SaladiMotherXiao YanmujinEmperor Taizu of LiaoTraditional Chinese遼太祖Simplified Chinese辽太祖Yelü Yi (sinicised name)Traditional Chinese耶律億Simplified Chinese耶律亿Liu Yi (sinicised name)Traditional Chinese劉億Simplified Chinese刘亿Abaoji (872 – 6 September 926), posthumously known by his temple name as the Emperor Taizu of Liao, was a Khitan leader and the founding emperor of the Liao dynasty of China, ruling from 916 to 926.
YelüThe Yelü clan (Khitan: , spelled əy.er.uu.əld, pronounced Yeruuld; Chinese: 耶律; pinyin: Yēlǜ), alternatively rendered as Yila (Chinese: 移剌; pinyin: Yílǎ) or Yarud, was a prominent family of ethnic Khitan origin in the history of China. The clan assumed leadership of the Khitan tribal confederation in 907 when Abaoji was made khagan. In 916, Abaoji founded the Liao dynasty.*As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases.