Tattva (Jainism)Jain philosophy explains that nine (Śvetāmbara tradition) or seven (Digambara tradition) tattva (truths or fundamental principles) constitute reality.
Jain philosophyJain philosophy or Jaina philosophy refers to the ancient Indianphilosophical system of the Jain religion. It comprises all the philosophical investigations and systems of inquiry that developed among the early branches of Jainism in ancient India following the nirvana of the 24th Tirthankar, Mahāvīra (c. 6th century BCE).Arihant (Jainism)Arihant (Jain Prakrit: अरिहन्त, Sanskrit: अर्हत् arhat, lit.'conqueror') is a jiva (soul) who has conquered inner passions such as attachment, anger, pride and greed. Having destroyed four inimical karmas, they realize pure self. Arihants are also called kevalins (omniscient beings) as they possess kevala jnana (pure infinite knowledge). An arihant is also called a jina ("victor").
SamayasāraJain religious text SamayasāraInformationReligionJainismAuthorKundakundaLanguagePrakritPeriod(1st BCE–2nd century CE)Verses439 Samayasāra (The Nature of the Self) is a famous Jain text composed by Kundakunda an early Digambar Jain Monk, (1st BCE–2nd century CE) in 439 verses. Its ten chapters discuss the nature of Jīva (pure self/soul), its attachment to Karma and Moksha (liberation).Jain cosmologyJain cosmology is the description of the shape and functioning of the Universe (loka) and its constituents (such as living beings, matter, space, time etc.) according to Jainism. Jain cosmology considers the universe as an uncreated entity that has existed since infinity with neither beginning nor end. Jain texts describe the shape of the universe as similar to a man standing with legs apart and arms resting on his waist.
JainismIndian religion Category Portalvte Jainism (/ˈdʒeɪnɪzəm, ˈdʒaɪnɪzəm/ JAY-niz-əm, JYE-niz-əm), also known as Jain Dharma, is an Indian religion that teaches a path toward spiritual purity and enlightenment through disciplined nonviolence (ahimsa) to all living creatures. The tradition is spiritually guided by 24 tirthankaras (ford-makers), supreme teachers who have conquered the cycle of rebirth and attained omniscience (kevala jnana).
SentienceSentience is the ability to experience feelings and sensations. Some theorists define sentience exclusively as the capacity for valenced (positive or negative) mental experiences, such as pain and pleasure. Sentience is an important concept in ethics, as the ability to experience happiness or suffering often forms a basis for determining which entities deserve moral consideration, particularly in utilitarianism.
DravyaDravya (Sanskrit: द्रव्य) means substance or entity. According to the Jain philosophy, the universe is made up of six eternal substances: sentient beings or souls (jīva), non-sentient substance or matter (pudgala), principle of motion (dharma), the principle of rest (adharma), space (ākāśa) and time (kāla). The latter five are united as the ajiva (the non-living).
KarmaKarma (, from Sanskrit: कर्म, IPA:; Pali: kamma) is an ancient Indian concept that refers to an action, work, or deed, and its effect or consequences.
ReincarnationConcept of rebirth in different physical formIllustration of reincarnation in Saiva Siddhanta Church (Hawaii) artIn Jainism, a soul travels to any one of the four states of existence after death depending on its karmas.Reincarnation, also known as rebirth or transmigration, is the philosophical or religious concept that nonmaterial essence of a living being begins a new lifespan in a different physical form or body after biological death.
SoulIn religion and philosophy, immaterial essence of a living beingDepiction of the soul leaving the body at the moment of death: The Grave, illustrated by William Blake, engraved by Luigi Schiavonetti, 1808In religion and philosophy, the soul is the immaterial aspect or essence of a living being. It is typically believed to be immortal and to exist apart from the material world.
SanskritAncient Indo-Aryan language of South AsiaSanskrit (; stem form संस्कृत; nominal singular संस्कृतम्, saṃskṛtam,) is a classical language belonging to the Indo-Aryan branch of the Indo-European languages. It arose in South Asia after its predecessor languages had diffused there from the northwest in the late Bronze Age.*As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases.