Ashraf RifiAshraf Rifi (Arabic: أشرف ريفي; also spelled Achraf Rifi) (born 1 April 1954) is a Lebanese politician and former police chief. He was the general director of the Lebanese Internal Security Forces (ISF; the national police) from 2005 to 2013 and served as minister of justice from 15 February 2014 to 21 February 2016. He is a member of the Renewal Bloc in the Lebanese Parliament.Ali Al HajjAli Al Hajj (Arabic: علي الحاج; born 1955) is a former major general and ex-director general of the Lebanese Internal Security Forces. Early lifeHajj was born into a Muslim Sunni family based in northern Lebanon in 1955. CareerHajj was in charge of government protection for Rafik Hariri from 1992 to 1998. He was removed from his post when Hariri discovered Hajj was also working for Syrian intelligence.
GendarmerieA gendarmerie () is a military or paramilitary force with law enforcement duties among the civilian population. The term gendarme (English: ) is derived from the medieval French expression gens d'armes, which translates to 'men-at-arms' (lit.'people of arms').
LebanonLebanon, officially the Lebanese Republic, is a country in the Levant region of West Asia. Situated at the crossroads of the Mediterranean Basin and the Arabian Peninsula, it is bordered by Syria to the north and east, Israel to the south, and the Mediterranean Sea to the west; Cyprus lies a short distance from the coastline. Lebanon has a population of more than five million and an area of 10,452 square kilometres (4,036 sq mi).Highway patrolA highway patrol or highway police is a police unit, detail, or law enforcement agency created primarily for the purpose of overseeing and enforcing traffic safetycompliance on roads and highways within a jurisdiction. They are also referred to in many countries as traffic police, although in other countries this term is more commonly used to refer to foot officers on point duty who control traffic at junctions.
Public-order crimeType of crime; running contrary to social order Criminology and penology Theory Anomie Biosocial criminology Broken windows Collective efficacy Crime analysis Criminalization Differential association Deviance Expressive function of law Labeling theory Psychopathy Rational choice Risk and actuarial criminology Social control Social learning Strain Subculture Symbolic interactionism Victimology Secondary victimisation Victim blaming Types of crime Against Humanity Person State Class Blue-collar White-collar Cold case Perfect Corporate Safety Hate Immigrant International Juvenile Organized Political Public-order Slavery State State-corporate Transnational Victimless War Methods Comparative Profiling Ethnography Uniform Crime Reports Crime mapping reform sentencing Crime statistics Positivist school Qualitative Quantitative BJS NIBRS Penology Crime prevention Corrections Denunciation Deterrence Incapacitation Sentence Trial Prison Prisoner Solitary confinement Punishment Rehabilitation Recidivism Zero tolerance Criminal justice Participatory Restorative Retributive Right to an effective remedy Utilitarian Transformative Prison abolition Prison reform open Prisoners' rights Victims' rights Prison violence Prisoner abuse Prison rape Prisoner suicide Death in custody List Schools Anarchist Chicago Classical Conflict Critical Environmental Feminist Integrative Italian Law and order Marxist Neo-classical Populist Positivist Postmodernist Realism Left Right Subfields American Anthropological Biosocial criminology Conflict Criminology Culture Cyber Demography Development Environmental Experimental Organizational Political Public Radical criminology Browse Index Journals Organizations People vte In criminology, public-order crime is defined by Siegel (2004) as "crime which involves acts that interfere with the operations of society and the ability of people to function efficiently", i.e., it is behaviour that has been labelled criminal because it is contrary to shared norms, social values, and customs.Information BranchThe Information Department (Arabic: شعبة المعلومات), commonly known as the Information Branch (Arabic: فرع المعلومات) or the Information (Arabic: المعلومات), is the intelligence unit of the Internal Security Forces Directorate (Arabic: المديرية العامة لقوى الأمن الداخلي).
Romanization of ArabicThe romanization of Arabic is the systematic rendering of written and spokenArabic in the Latin script. Romanized Arabic is used for various purposes, among them transcription of names and titles, cataloging Arabic language works, language education when used instead of or alongside the Arabic script, and representation of the language in scientific publications by linguists.
French languageFrench (français or langue française) is a Romance language of the Indo-European family. Like all other Romance languages, French and its closest relatives—the langues d'oïl, historically spoken in northern France and southern Belgium—descended from the Vulgar Latin of the Roman Empire. It was influenced by native Celtic languages of Northern Roman Gaul and by the GermanicFrankish language of the post-Roman Frankish invaders.
CounterterrorismActivity to defend against or prevent terrorist actions Part of a series onCounterterrorism and Countering violent extremism Methods and approaches Deradicalization Government orgs Counter Terrorism Centre Counterterrorism Mission Center National Counter Terrorism Centre Countering Violent Extremism Task Force National Counterterrorism Center US House Subcommittee Bureau of Counterterrorism CTFD US Senate Subcommittee Counter Terrorism Policing United Nations Office of Counter-Terrorism UN CTITF Individual Offices Coordinator for Counterterrorism Independent Reviewer Systems National Terrorism Advisory System War on terror Terrorist Finance Tracking Program Schools and institutes Combating Terrorism Center CTEC Chicago Project on Security and Threats INSCT START Handa Centre Think tanks International Centre for Counter-Terrorism Terrorism Research Center International Institute for Counter-Terrorism Global Internet Forum to Counter Terrorism Jamestown Foundation Uppsala Conflict Data Program Counter Extremism Project The Investigative Project on Terrorism Intelligence and Terrorism Information Center Global efforts Counterterrorism in China Counterterrorism in Australia Counter-terrorism in Singapore Counter-terrorism in Malaysia Counterterrorism in Colombia Counterterrorism in Argentina Counterterrorism in Canada Counterterrorism in Azerbaijan Legislation Anti-terrorism legislation Incitement Incitement to terrorism Terrorism insurance Executive Order 13224 Anti-Terrorism Act of 2020 vte GIGN operators in 2015.AbbreviationAn abbreviation (from Latin brevis 'short') is a shortened form of a word or phrase, by any method including shortening, contraction, initialism (which includes acronym), or crasis. An abbreviation may be a shortened form of a word, usually ended with a trailing full stop (period). For example, the term etc. is the usual abbreviation for the Latin phrase et cetera.
Nureddine El-RifaiNureddine El-Rifai (27 November 1899 – 8 January 1980) (Arabic: نور الدين الرفاعي) was director of Lebanon's Internal Security Forces (ISF) and Prime Minister of Lebanon. Rifai retired from the ISF in 1962. He was appointed to be Prime Minister by Suleiman Frangieh during Lebanon's short-lived military government on 23 May 1975. He served only three days before resigning his post in the face of tremendous protest and was replaced by Rashid Karami in the post.*As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases.