Jammu and Kashmir (princely state)Today part ofDisputed; see Kashmir conflictJammu and Kashmir, also known as Kashmir and Jammu, was a princely state in a subsidiary alliance with the British East India Company from 1846 to 1858, and under the paramountcy (or tutelage) of the British Crown from 1858 until British withdrawal and the partition of British India in 1947. Following the subsequent First Kashmir War between India and Pakistan, it became a disputed territory, now administered by three countries: China, India, and Pakistan. After the Fir...
Dominion of PakistanToday part ofPakistanBangladeshIndiaThe Dominion of Pakistan, officially Pakistan, was the Pakistani state between 1947 and 1956, when it existed as an independent federal dominion in the British Commonwealth of Nations. It was established on 14 August 1947 when it was created from British India under the Indian Independence Act 1947 of the British parliament, which also established an independent Dominion of India on 15 August. The dominion ceased to exist on 23 March 1956, when the Constituent Assembly of Paki...
Dominion of IndiaToday part ofIndiaBangladeshThe Dominion of India, officially the Union of India, was an independent dominion in the British Commonwealth of Nations existing between 15 August 1947 and 26 January 1950. Until its independence, India had been ruled as an informal empire by the United Kingdom. The empire, also called the British Raj and sometimes the British Indian Empire, consisted of regions, collectively called British India, that were directly administered by the British government, and regions, called the prin...
Hari SinghSir Hari Singh BahadurGCSIGCIEGCVO (September 1895 – 26 April 1961) was the last ruling Maharaja of the princely state of Jammu and Kashmir of the Dogra dynasty. Hari Singh was the son of Amar Singh and Bhotiali Chib. In 1923, following his uncle's death, Singh became the new Maharaja of Jammu and Kashmir. After Indian Independence in 1947, Singh wanted Jammu and Kashmir to remain as an independent kingdom. He acceded to the Dominion of India to get the support of Indian troops against an invasion by tribal ar...
Partition of IndiaThe partition of India in 1947 was the division of British India into two independent dominion states, the Union of India and Dominion of Pakistan. The Union of India is today the Republic of India, and the Dominion of Pakistan is the Islamic Republic of Pakistan and the People's Republic of Bangladesh. The partition involved the division of two provinces, Bengal and the Punjab, based on district-wide non-Muslim (mostly Hindu and Sikh) or Muslim majorities. It also involved the division of the British Indian Arm...
Princely stateA princely state (also called native state) was a nominally sovereign entity of the British Indian Empire that was not directly governed by the British Indian government, but rather by an indigenous ruler under a form of indirect rule, subject to a subsidiary alliance and the suzerainty or paramountcy of the British Crown. The rulers of the princely states were very largely allowed to govern their own territories, but were not allowed relations with states outside the Indian Empire, and were not allowed to fight...
KashmirKashmir ( KASH-meer or kash-MEER) is the northernmost geographical region of the Indian subcontinent. Until the mid-19th century, the term Kashmir denoted only the Kashmir Valley between the Great Himalayas and the Pir Panjal Range. The term has since also come to encompass a larger area that formerly comprised the princely state of Jammu and Kashmir, and includes the Indian-administered territories of Jammu and Kashmir and Ladakh, the Pakistani-administered territories of Azad Kashmir and Gilgit-Baltistan, and ...
WaziristanWaziristan (Pashto, Ormuri, Urdu: وزیرستان, lit.'land of the Wazir') is a mountainous region of the Pakistani province of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The Waziristan region administratively splits among three districts: North Waziristan, Lower South Waziristan District, and Upper South Waziristan District. The entire Waziristan region covers around 11,585 square kilometres (4,500 sq mi). Overview and historyWaziristan lies between the Kurram River and the Gomal River. It borders the Kurram Agency in the north, Ba...
DominionA dominion was a self-governing country within the British Empire and then the British Commonwealth of Nations, primarily in the first half of the 20th century. The dominions in 1926 were Australia, Canada, the Irish Free State, New Zealand, Newfoundland, and South Africa; in 1947 India and Pakistan, and in 1948 Ceylon (now Sri Lanka). In the years following the Second World War, the British Empire was refashioned into the more modern and post-colonial Commonwealth of Nations, after which the former dominions we...
Commonwealth of NationsThe Commonwealth of Nations, often referred to as the British Commonwealth or simply The Commonwealth, is an international association of 56 member states, the vast majority of which are former territories of its predecessor, the British Empire. They are connected through their use of the English language and their cultural and historical ties. Its chief institutions are the Commonwealth Secretariat, focusing on intergovernmental relations, and the Commonwealth Foundation, focusing on non-governmental relations ...
LascarA lascar was a sailor or militiaman from the Indian subcontinent, Southeast Asia, the Arab world, British Somaliland or other lands east of the Cape of Good Hope, who was employed on European ships from the 16th century until the mid-20th century. EtymologyThe Oxford English Dictionary states that the word has two possible derivations: Either an erroneous European use of Urdu lashkar army, camp [...], or a shortened form of its derivative lashkarī [...] In Portuguese c1600 laschar occurs in the same sense as la...
India–Pakistan wars and conflictsBelligerentsIndiaBangladesh (1971)PakistanAlleged proxies:Kashmiri insurgents (1989–present) Jammu Kashmir Liberation FrontLashkar-e-TaibaJaish-e-MohammedUnited Jihad CouncilHizbul MujahideenPeople's Anti-Fascist FrontThe Resistance FrontDukhtaran-e-MillatHarkat-ul-MujahideenHarkat-ul-Jihad al-IslamiKhalistani insurgents (1984–1995) Mizo insurgents (1961–1986) Since the partition of British India in 1947 and subsequent creation of the dominions of India and Pakistan, the two countries have been involved in...*As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases.