SaqifaThe Saqifa (Arabic: سَقِيفَة, romanized: Saqīfah) was an assembly held shortly after the death of the Islamic prophet Muhammad in 632, at which Abu Bakr was chosen as his successor and became the first caliph. The Saqifa meeting is among the most controversial events in Islam, due to the exclusion of a large number of Muhammad's companions, including his family and notably Ali, his cousin and son-in-law.
AliAli ibn Abi Talib (Arabic: عليّ بن أبي طالب, romanized: ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib; c. 600 – c. 28 January 661 CE) was the fourth Rashidun caliph who ruled from 656 CE until his assassination in 661, as well as the first Shia Imam. He was the cousin and son-in-law of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. Born to Abu Talib ibn Abd al-Muttalib and Fatima bint Asad, Ali was raised in the household of his cousin Muhammad and was among the first to accept his teachings.
MuhammadFounder of Islam (c. 570–632)LifeMeccaHijrahFirst Islamic stateAfter Conquest of MeccaFarewell Pilgrimage (Farewell Sermon)HadithMilestones and recordsCareerMilitaryDiplomaticMiraclesQuran (First revelation)Isra and Mi'rajSplitting of the MoonViews and PerspectivesViews JewsChristiansPerspectives IslamBibleJudaismMedieval ChristianHistoricityCriticismSuccessionSaqifahGhadir KhummCompanions of MuhammadHadith of the pen and paperAhl al-BaytPraiseSalawatNaatMawlidRelatedMohammedanMahoundAl-Masjid an-NabawiPossessionsRelicsSealHistory of IslamMuhammad (c. 570 CE – 8 June 632 CE) was an Arab religious, military, and political leader, and the founder of Islam.
UmarRashidun caliph from 634 to 644Umar ibn al-Khattab (Arabic: عُمَر بْن ٱلْخَطَّاب, romanized: ʿUmar ibn al-Khaṭṭāb; c. 584 – 644) was the second Rashidun caliph, ruling from August 634 until his assassination in 644. He succeeded Abu Bakr (r. 632–634) and is regarded as a senior companion and father-in-law of the Islamic prophet Muhammad.
Abbas ibn Abd al-MuttalibAl-Abbas ibn Abd al-Muttalib (c. 566 – c. 653 CE) was a paternal uncle and sahabi (companion) of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, just three years older than his nephew. A wealthy merchant, during the early years of Islam he protected Muhammad while he was in Mecca, but only became a convert after the Battle of Badr in 624 CE (2 AH). His descendants founded the Abbasid Caliphate in 750. Early yearsAbbas, born around 565 CE, was one of the younger sons of Abd al-Muttalib.
QuranThe Quran (Arabic: الْقُرْآن, lit. 'the recitation' or 'the lecture'), also romanized Qur'an or Koran, is the central religious text of Islam, and is believed by Muslims to be a revelation directly from God (Allāh). It is organized in 114 chapters (sūrah, pl. suwar) which consist of individual verses (āyah). Aside from its religious significance, it is widely regarded as the finest work in Arabic literature and has significantly influenced the Arabic language.
Prophets and messengers in Islam(Learn how and when to remove this message) Islamic miniature depicting Muhammad leading a prayer of all Islamic prophets and messengers in a celestial Mosque during Isra' and Mi'rajProphets in Islam (Arabic: ٱلْأَنْبِيَاء فِي ٱلْإِسْلَام, romanized: al-anbiyāʾ fī al-islām) are individuals in Islam who are believed to spread God's message on Earth and serve as models of ideal human behaviour.
TafsirA tafsir (Arabic: تفسير, romanized: tafsīr; lit.'explanation') is an exegesis, or commentary, of the Quran. An author of a tafsir is a mufassir (Arabic: مفسّر; plural: مفسّرون, mufassirūn). A Quranic tafsir attempts to provide education, explanation, interpretation, context or commentary for clear understanding and conviction of God's will in Islam.Maymunah bint al-HarithMaymuna bint al-Harith al-Hilaliyya (Arabic: مَيْمُونَة ٱبْنَت ٱلْحَارِث ٱلْهِلَالِيَّة, romanized: Maymūna bint al-Ḥārith al-Hilālīyya; c. 594–671), was the eleventh and final wife of Muhammad.
Wives of MuhammadChildrenWith Khadija Qasim (598–601)Zainab (599–629)Ruqayya (601–624)Umm Kulthum (603–630)Fatima (605/612/615–632)Abd Allah (611–615)With Maria Ibrahim (630–632)FamilyAhl al-BaytThe Islamic prophet Muhammad is said to have had thirteen wives in total (although two have ambiguous accounts, Rayhana bint Zayd and Maria al-Qibtiyya, as wife or concubine).
TabaristanTabaristan or Tabarestan (Persian: طبرستان, romanized: Ṭabarestān; Mazanderani: تبرستون, romanized: Tabarestun; from Middle Persian: , Tapur(i)stān) was a mountainous region located on the Caspian coast of northern Iran. It corresponded to the present-day province of Mazandaran, which became the predominant name of the area from the 11th century onwards.
IfriqiyaIfriqiya (Arabic: إفريقية, romanized: Ifrīqiya, lit.'Africa') was a medieval historical region comprising today's Tunisia, Constantinois (roughly eastern Algeria), and Tripolitania (roughly western Libya), particularly the region between the sea and the edges of the Sahara. It included all of what had previously been the Byzantine province of Africa Proconsularis and extended beyond it, but did not include the Mauretanias.*As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases.