Justice and Development Party (Morocco)The Justice and Development Party (Arabic: حزب العدالة والتنمية, romanized: ḥizb al-ʿadāla wat-tanmiya; Standard Moroccan Tamazight: ⴰⴽⴰⴱⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵏⵣⵣⴰⵔⴼⵓⵜ ⴷ ⵜⴰⵏⴼⵍⵉⵜ, romanized: akabar n tanzzarfut d tanflit; French: Parti de la justice et du développement, PJD) is a political party in Morocco that advocates for Islamic democracy.
National Rally of IndependentsThe National Rally of Independents (Arabic: التجمع الوطني للأحرار, romanized: al-tajammuʿ al-waṭani lil aḥrār; Standard Moroccan Tamazight: ⴰⴳⵔⴰⵡ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔ ⵢ ⵉⵏⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵏ, romanized: agraw anamur y insimann; French: Rassemblement National des Indépendants, RNI), is a political party in Morocco.Electoral districtAn electoral district, sometimes called a constituency, riding, circumscription, electorate, or ward, is a geographical portion of a political unit, such as a country, state or province, city, or administrative region, created to provide the voters therein with representation in a legislature or other polity.
Istiqlal PartyThe Istiqlal Party is a political party in Morocco. It is a conservative and monarchist party and a member of the Centrist Democrat International and International Democracy Union. Istiqlal headed a coalition government under Abbas El Fassi from 19 September 2007 to 29 November 2011. From 2013 to 2021, it was part of the opposition. Since 2021 it is part of a coalition government led by Aziz Akhannouch.
Parliament of MoroccoThe Parliament of Morocco (Arabic: البرلمان المغربي) is the bicamerallegislature of Morocco. It consists of two chambers: the House of Representatives, whose members are elected by direct universal suffrage, and the House of Councillors, whose members are elected indirectly. The Parliament exercises legislative authority, oversees the actions of the government, and evaluates public policies within the framework of Morocco’s constitutional monarchy.Authenticity and Modernity PartyThe Authenticity and Modernity Party (PAM) is a political party in Morocco. It was founded in 2008 by Fouad Ali El Himma, an advisor to King Mohammed VI, and it has been perceived by its opponents and the press as being backed and directed by the monarchy. As such, it has been accused of having little ideology except for support of the monarchy, although some of its policies have been described as socially liberal.
Proportional representationVoting system that makes outcomes proportional to vote totalsOn the left are the results of the last first-past-the-postelection in New Zealand before the implementation of mixed-member proportional representationin 1996. PR systems aim to align vote percentage with seat distribution.
2011 Moroccan general electionEarly general elections were held in Morocco on 25 November 2011, brought forward from 2012 and then postponed from 7 October 2011. Public protests as part of the Arab Spring in February 2011 led King Mohammed VI to announce an early election, a process of constitutional reform granting new civil rights, and the relinquishing of some of his administrative powers. Following a referendum on 1 July 2011, the new constitution was ratified on 13 September.
House of Councillors (Morocco)The House of Councillors (Arabic: مجلس المستشارين [maʒlis al-mustaʃaːriːn], Standard Moroccan Tamazight: ⴰⵙⵇⵇⵉⵎ ⵏ ⵉⵏⵙⴼⴰⵡⵏ, romanized: Asqqim n Insfawn) is the upper house of the Parliament of Morocco and has 120 members, elected for a six-year term: 72 members are elected at the Kingdom's regional level - they represent the regions and the subnational administrative areas (French: collectivités territoriales) 20 members are elected in the regions by a single electoral college made up of all those in the relevant region that have been elected to the following professional associations: the agriculture associations the commerce, industry and services associations the arts-and-crafts associations the marine-fisheries associations 8 members are elected nationally by an electoral college made up of those elected from the most representative employers' professional organizations 20 members are elected nationally by an electoral college made up of employees.
Regions of MoroccoRegions are the highest administrative divisions of Morocco. Since the territorial reform of 2015, the country has been divided into 12 regions, including one (Dakhla-Oued Ed-Dahab) located entirely within the disputed territory of Western Sahara, and two (Laâyoune-Sakia El Hamra and Guelmim-Oued Noun) located partially within it. The regions are subdivided into 75 second-level administrative divisions, consisting of prefectures and provinces.
BicameralismBicameralism is a type of legislature that is divided into two separate assemblies, chambers, or houses, known as a bicameral legislature. Bicameralism is distinguished from unicameralism, in which all members deliberate and vote as a single group. As of 2022, roughly 40% of the world's national legislatures are bicameral, while unicameralism represents 60% nationally and much more at the subnational level.
CasablancaCasablanca is the largest city in Morocco and the country's economic and business centre. Located on the Atlantic coast of the Chaouia plain in the central-western part of Morocco, the city has a population of about 3.22 million in the urban area, and over 4.27 million in Greater Casablanca, making it the most populous city in the Maghreb region, and the ninth-largest in the Arab world.*As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases.