Reforms of the Hongwu EmperorThe Hongwu Emperor, the founder of the Ming dynasty of China, carried out a comprehensive set of economic, social, and political reforms from the 1360s to the 1390s. These aimed to rebuild the Chinese state after years of conflict and devastation following the decline of the Mongol-led Yuan dynasty and Chinese resistance to Mongol rule.
List of emperors of the Ming dynastyThe emperors of the Ming dynasty ruled over China proper from 1368 to 1644 during the late imperial era of China (960–1912). Members of the Ming dynasty continued to rule a series of rump states in southern China, commonly known as the Southern Ming, until 1662; the Ming dynasty succeeded the Mongol-led Yuan dynasty and preceded the Manchu-led Qing dynasty. The Ming dynasty was founded by the peasant rebel leader Zhu Yuanzhang, known as the Hongwu Emperor.
NanjingNanjing is the capital of Jiangsu, East China. The city, which is located in the southwestern corner of the province, has 11 districts, an administrative area of 6,600 square kilometres (2,500 sq mi), and as of 2021 a population of 9,423,400.
Jianwen EmperorHouseZhuDynastyMingFatherZhu BiaoMotherLady LüChinese nameChinese建文帝The Jianwen Emperor (5 December 1377 – 13 July 1402), personal name Zhu Yunwen, was the second emperor of the Ming dynasty of China, reigning from 1398 to 1402. Zhu Yunwen's father was Zhu Biao, the eldest son and heir apparent of the Hongwu Emperor, the founder of the Ming dynasty. Zhu Biao died in 1392, after which the Hongwu Emperor named Zhu Yunwen as his successor.
AnhuiAnhui is an inland province located in East China. Its provincial capital and largest city is Hefei. The province is located across the basins of the Yangtze and Huai rivers, bordering Jiangsu and Zhejiang to the east, Jiangxi to the south, Hubei and Henan to the west, and Shandong to the north. With a population of 61 million, Anhui is the 9th most populous province in China.
Jingnan campaignBelligerentsPrincedom of YanPrincedom of NingMing central governmentCommanders and leadersZhu Di, Prince of YanZhu Gaochi, Hereditary Prince of YanZhu Gaoxu, Prince of Gaoyang Comm.Zhu GaosuiYao GuangxiaoQiu FuZhu NengZhang Yu†Zhang FuZheng HeZhu Quan, Prince of NingThree Guards of Doyan Zhu Yunwen, the Jianwen Emperor (MIA)Geng BingwenTie XuanLi JinglongXu HuizuQi TaiHuang ZichengFang XiaoruSheng Yong Chinese nameTraditional Chinese靖難之役Simplified Chinese靖难之役Jingnan rebellionTraditional Chinese靖難之變Simplified Chinese靖难之变The Jingnan campaign, or the campaign to clear away disorders, was a three-year civil war from 1399 to 1402 in the early years of the Ming dynasty of China between the Jianwen Emperor and his uncle, Zhu Di, Prince of Yan.
Yuan dynastyMongol-led dynasty of China (1271–1368)Han Lin'erHan Lin'er (d. 1367) was one of the leaders of the Red Turban Rebellion during the late Yuan dynasty of China. Proclaimed emperor in 1355, he reigned in name only, as real power was initially held by his minister Liu Futong and later by Zhu Yuanzhang. After the fall of the Song dynasty in 1279, China came under Mongol Yuan rule.
Yongle EmperorEmperor of China from 1402 to 1424HouseZhuDynastyMingFatherHongwu EmperorMotherEmpress Ma (disputed)Chinese nameTraditional Chinese永樂帝Simplified Chinese永乐帝The Yongle Emperor (2 May 1360 – 12 August 1424), personal name Zhu Di, was the third emperor of the Ming dynasty of China, reigning from 1402 to 1424. He was the fourth son of the Hongwu Emperor, the founder of the dynasty. In 1370, Zhu Di was granted the title of Prince of Yan.
FamineWidespread scarcity of foodTwo men and a child, all dead from starvation during the Russian famine of 1921–1922A famine is a widespread scarcity of food caused by several possible factors, including, but not limited to: war, natural disasters, crop failure, widespread poverty, an economic catastrophe or government policies. This phenomenon is usually accompanied or followed by regional malnutrition, starvation, epidemic, and increased mortality.
Ming dynastyChinese nameChinese明朝Dynastic nameChinese大明
EpidemicAn epidemic (from Greek ἐπί epi "upon or above" and δῆμος demos "people") is the rapid spread of disease to a large number of hosts in a given population within a short period of time. For example, in meningococcal infections, an attack rate in excess of 15 cases per 100,000 people for two consecutive weeks is considered an epidemic.*As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases.