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History of whaling

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Whale-Fishing. Facsimile of a Woodcut in the "Cosmographie Universelle" of Thevet, in folio: Paris, 1574.A Whale Brought alongside a Ship, by the Scottish John Heaviside Clark, 1814. Flensing is in process.Photo of a whaling station in Spitsbergen, Norway, 1907Whaling has been an important subsistence and economic activity in multiple regions throughout human history.

Whale meatWhale meatWhale meat, broadly speaking, may include all cetaceans (whales, dolphins, porpoises) and all parts of the animal: muscle (meat), organs (offal), skin (muktuk), and fat (blubber). There is relatively little demand for whale meat, compared to farmed livestock. Commercial whaling, which has faced opposition for decades, continues today in very few countries (mainly Iceland, Japan and Norway), despite whale meat being previously eaten across Western Europe and colonial America.SpitsbergenSpitsbergenSpitsbergen (Urban East Norwegian:; formerly known as West Spitsbergen; Norwegian: Vest Spitsbergen or Vestspitsbergen, also sometimes spelled Spitzbergen) is the largest and the only permanently populated island of the Svalbardarchipelago in northern Norway in the Arctic Ocean. Constituting the westernmost bulk of the archipelago, it borders the Arctic Ocean, the Norwegian Sea and the Greenland Sea.WhalingWhalingHunting of whalesTo the left, the black-hulled whaling ships. To the right, the red-hulled whale-watching ship. Iceland, 2011.Number of whales killed since 1900Whaling is the hunting of whales for their products such as meat and blubber, which can be turned into a type of oil that was important in the Industrial Revolution.Sperm whaleSperm whaleThe sperm whale or cachalot (Physeter macrocephalus) is the largest of the toothed whales and the largest toothed predator. It is the only living member of the genusPhyseter and one of three extant species in the sperm whale superfamily Physeteroidea, along with the pygmy sperm whale and dwarf sperm whale of the genus Kogia. The sperm whale is a pelagicmammal with a worldwide range, and will migrate seasonally for feeding and breeding.Beluga whaleBeluga whaleSpecies of whaleThe beluga whale () or the white whale (Delphinapterus leucas) is an Arctic and sub-Arctic cetacean. It is one of two living members of the family Monodontidae, along with the narwhal, and the only member of the genusDelphinapterus. It is also known as the sea canary, due to its high-pitched calls; and the melonhead, though that more commonly refers to the melon-headed whale, which is an oceanic dolphin.International Whaling CommissionInternational Whaling CommissionThe International Whaling Commission (IWC) is a specialised regional fishery management organisation, established under the terms of the 1946 International Convention for the Regulation of Whaling (ICRW) to "provide for the proper conservation of whale stocks and thus make possible the orderly development of the whaling industry".Red Bay, Newfoundland and LabradorRed Bay, Newfoundland and LabradorRed Bay is a fishing village in Labrador, notable as a significant underwater archaeological site in the Americas. Between 1530 and the early 17th century, it was a major Basque whaling area. Several whaling ships, both large galleons and small chalupas, sank there, and their discovery led to the designation of Red Bay as a National Historic Site in 1979 and in 2013 as a UNESCOWorld Heritage Site.InuitInuitEthnic groupInuit (singular: Inuk) are a group of culturally and historically similar Indigenous peoples traditionally inhabiting the Arctic and Subarctic regions of North America and Russia, including Greenland, Labrador, Quebec, Nunavut, the Northwest Territories, Yukon (traditionally), and Alaska. The Inuit languages are part of the Eskaleut languages, also known as Inuit-Yupik-Unangan and as Eskimo–Aleut.Humpback whaleHumpback whaleLarge baleen whale speciesThe humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae) is a species of baleen whale. It is a rorqual (a member of the family Balaenopteridae) and is the only species in the genusMegaptera. Adults range in length from 14–17 m (46–56 ft) and weigh up to 40 metric tons (44 short tons). The humpback has a distinctive body shape, with long pectoral fins and tubercles on its head.NantucketNantucketConsolidated town and county in Massachusetts, United StatesNantucket () is an island in Massachusetts, United States, about 30 miles (48 km) south of the Cape Cod peninsula. Together with the small islands of Tuckernuck and Muskeget, it constitutes the Town and County of Nantucket, a combined county/town government. Nantucket is the southeasternmost town in Massachusetts. The name "Nantucket" is adapted from similar Algonquian names for the island.NarwhalNarwhalMedium-sized toothed whale speciesThe narwhal (Monodon monoceros) is a species of toothed whale native to the Arctic. It is the only member of the genusMonodon and one of two living representatives of the family Monodontidae. The narwhal is a stocky cetacean with a relatively blunt snout, a large melon, and a shallow ridge in place of a dorsal fin.Bangudae PetroglyphsBangudae PetroglyphsThe Bangudae (Daegok-ri) Petroglyphs (Korean: 반구대 암각화) are pre-historic engravings on flat vertical rock faces on the riverside of the Daegokcheon (Bangucheon) stream, a branch of the Taehwa River, which runs eastward and joins the East Sea at Ulsan. They are the National Treasure of South Korea No. 285 and were registered on the UNESCO World Heritage List in 2025.

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