Military Government of the Philippine IslandsIn 1901, a civil governor was appointed, but the military retained authority in disturbed areas.An 1898 census is reported by some sources to have yielded a count of 7,832,719 inhabitants. However, the National Statistics Office of the Philippines reports that no census was conducted in that year.
Philippine–American WarBelligerents1899–1902:United StatesMilitary Government of the Philippine Islands1899–1902:PhilippinesNegros RepublicZamboanga Republic1902–1913:United StatesInsular Government of the Philippine Islands1902–1913:Tagalog Republic (until 1906)Maguindanao Sultanate (until 1905) Sulu SultanateCommanders and leadersWilliam McKinleyXTheodore RooseveltJacob G. SchurmanWilliam Howard TaftArthur MacArthur, Jr.Elwell Stephen OtisAdna ChaffeeHenry Lawton†Frederick N. FunstonJ.
Spanish–American WarThe Spanish–American War (April 21 – August 13, 1898) was fought between Spain and the United States in 1898. It began with the sinking of the USS Maine in Havana Harbor in Cuba, and resulted in the U.S. acquiring sovereignty over Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines, and establishing a protectorate over Cuba. It represented U.S. intervention in the Cuban War of Independence and Philippine Revolution, with the latter later leading to the Philippine–American War.
Spanish East IndiesToday part ofJapanBonin IslandsFederated States of MicronesiaIndonesiaNorth SulawesiPalauPhilippinesNorthern Taiwan (formerly known as Formosa, which Spain took control from 1575 until the Dutch invasion in 1646)United StatesGuamNorthern Mariana IslandsThe Spanish East Indies were the colonies of the Spanish Empire in Asia and Oceania from 1565 to 1901, governed through the captaincy general in Manila for the Spanish Crown, initially reporting to Mexico City, then later directly reporting to Madrid after the Spanish American Wars of Independence.
United StatesCountry primarily in North AmericaThe United States of America (USA), also known as the United States (U.S.) or America, is a country primarily located in North America. It is a federal republic consisting of 50 states and a federal capital district, Washington, D.C. The 48 contiguous states border Canada to the north and Mexico to the south, with the semi-exclave of Alaska in the northwest and the archipelago of Hawaii in the Pacific Ocean.
History of the PhilippinesThe history of the Philippines dates from the earliest hominin activity in the archipelago at least by 709,000 years ago. Homo luzonensis, a species of archaic humans, was present on the island of Luzon at least by 134,000 years ago. The earliest known anatomically modern human was from Tabon Caves in Palawan dating about 47,000 years. Negrito groups were the first inhabitants to settle in the prehistoric Philippines.
PhilippinesArchipelagic country in Southeast AsiaThe Philippines, officially the Republic of the Philippines, is an archipelagic country in Southeast Asia. Located in the western Pacific Ocean, it consists of about 7,641 islands, with a total area of about 300,000 square kilometers. The islands are broadly categorized in three main geographical divisions. From north to south, the divisions are: Luzon, Visayas, and Mindanao.
Treaty of Manila (1946)The Treaty of Manila of 1946, formally the Treaty of General Relations and Protocol, is a treaty of general relations signed on July 4, 1946, in Manila, the capital of the Philippines. It relinquished U.S. sovereignty over the Philippines and recognized the independence of the Republic of the Philippines. The treaty was signed by High Commissioner Paul V. McNutt as representative of the United States and President Manuel Roxas as representative of the Philippines.
Treaty of Paris (1898)The Treaty of Peace between the United States of America and the Kingdom of Spain, commonly known as the Treaty of Paris of 1898, was signed by Spain and the United States on December 10, 1898, and marked the official end of the Spanish–American War.
InsurgencyRevolt or uprising by irregular forces Insurgents in northern Iraq during the Iraqi insurgency (2003–2011) An insurgency is a violent, armed rebellion by small, lightly armed bands who practice guerrilla warfare against a larger authority. The key descriptive feature of insurgency is its asymmetric nature: small irregular forces face a large, well-equipped, regular military force state adversary.
SpainCountry in Southern and Western EuropeSpain, officially the Kingdom of Spain, is a country in Southern and Western Europe with territories in North Africa. Featuring the southernmost point of continental Europe, it is the largest country in Southern Europe and the fourth-most populous European Union (EU) member state.
CessionThe act of cession is the assignment of property to another entity. In international law it commonly refers to land transferred by treaty. Ballentine's Law Dictionary defines cession as "a surrender; a giving up; a relinquishment of jurisdiction by a board in favor of another agency." In contrast with annexation, where property is forcibly seized, cession is voluntary or at least apparently so.*As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases.