Higher education in the United StatesIn the United States, higher education is an optional stage of formal learning following secondary education. It is also referred to as post-secondary education, third-stage, third-level, or tertiary education. It covers stages 5 to 8 on the international ISCED 2011 scale. It is delivered at 3,931 Title IV degree-granting institutions, known as colleges or universities.
African AmericansEthnic and cultural group in the United States Ethnic group African AmericansProportion of Black Americans in U.S. counties, as of the 2020 U.S. censusTotal populationAlone (one race): 41,104,200 12.40% of the total U.S. populationIn combination (mixed race): 5,832,533 1.76% of the total U.S. populationAlone or in combination: 46,936,733 14.16% of the total U.S. populationRegions with significant populationsPredominantly the Southern United States and American urban centers, including: Texas3,552,997 Georgia3,320,513 Florida3,246,381 New York2,986,172 California2,237,044LanguagesAmerican English (incl.
School segregation in the United StatesIn the United States, school students were often segregated based on their race. While not prohibited from having or attending schools, various minorities were barred from most schools that admitted white students. Segregation was enforced by laws in U.S. states, primarily in the Southern United States, although segregation could also occur in informal systems or through social expectations and norms in other areas of the country.
Morrill Land-Grant ActsThe Morrill Land-Grant Acts are United Statesstatutes that allowed for the creation of land-grant colleges in U.S. states, focusing on agricultural and mechanical studies. The Morrill Act of 1862 (12 Stat. 503 (1862) later codified as 7 U.S.C.§ 301 et seq.) was enacted during the American Civil War, and the Morrill Act of 1890 (the Agricultural College Act of 1890 (26 Stat.417, later codified as 7 U.S.C.§ 321 et seq.) expanded this model.
Southern United StatesOne of the four census regions of the USRegionThe Southern United States (sometimes Dixie, also referred to as the Southern States, the American South, the Southland, Dixieland, or simply the South) is one of the four census regionsof the United States as defined by the U.S. Census Bureau. It is between the Atlantic Ocean and the Western United States, with the Midwestern and Northeastern United States to its north and the Gulf of Mexico and Mexico to its south.Civil Rights Act of 1964The Civil Rights Act of 1964 (Pub. L.88–352, 78 Stat.241, enacted July 2, 1964) is a landmark civil rights and labor law in the United States that outlaws discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, and national origin. It prohibits unequal application of voter registration requirements, racial segregation in schools and public accommodations, and employment discrimination.
Racial segregation in the United StatesSign for "colored" waiting room at a Greyhound bus terminal in Rome, Georgia, 1943. Throughout the Southern United States there were Jim Crow laws creating de jure legally required segregation."We Cater to White Trade Only" sign on a restaurant window in Lancaster, Ohio, in 1938. Ohio, like most of the North and West, did not have de jure statutory enforced segregation (Jim Crow laws), but many places still had de facto social segregation in the early 20th century.
United States CongressThe United States Congress is the legislative branch of the federal government of the United States. It is a bicameral legislature, including a lower body, the U.S. House of Representatives, and an upper body, the U.S. Senate. They both meet in the United States Capitol in Washington, D.C. Members of Congress are chosen through direct election, though vacancies in the Senate may be filled by a governor's appointment.
Black peopleRacial classification of peopleBlack is a racial classification of people, a skin color-based category for specific populations with a mid- to dark brown complexion. Often in countries with socially based systems of racial classification in the Western world, the term "black" is used to describe persons who are perceived as darker-skinned in contrast to other populations.
Reconstruction eraFrom left to right and top to the bottom: The ruins of Richmond, Virginia; newly-freed Black Americans voting for the first time in 1867; office of the Freedmen's Bureau in Memphis, Tennessee; Memphis riots of 1866LocationUnited States(Southern States)IncludingThird Party SystemPresident(s)Abraham LincolnAndrew JohnsonUlysses S. GrantRutherford B. HayesKey eventsFreedmen's BureauAssassination of Abraham LincolnFormation of the KKKReconstruction ActsImpeachment of Andrew John…
American Civil WarBelligerentsUnited StatesConfederate StatesCommanders and leadersAbraham LincolnXUlysses S. GrantAndrew Johnsonand others...Jefferson Davis(POW)Robert E. Leeand others...Strength698,000 at peak2,200,000 total360,000 at peak750,000–1,000,000 totalCasualties and losses110,000+ KIA or DOW230,000+ died from accidents or disease25,000–30,000 died in Confederate prisons365,000+ total dead282,000+ wounded181,193 captured828,000+ total casualties94,000+ KIA or DOW164,000+ died from…
ProtestantismMajor branch of Christianity*As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases.