Human rights abuses of the Marcos dictatorshipThe dictatorship of 10th Philippine president Ferdinand Marcos in the 1970s and 1980s is historically remembered for its record of human rights abuses, particularly targeting political opponents, student activists, journalists, religious workers, farmers, and others who fought against his dictatorship.
Burial of Ferdinand MarcosEarly lifeMilitary careerStonehill scandalPrime MinisterPresidencyExecutive ordersCult of personalityEconomyMonopoliesCroniesCoco Levy Fund scamGintong AlayTimelineCommunist insurgencyMoro conflictFirst term1965 election1st Inaugurationbalance of payments crisisSecond term1969 electioncampaign2nd InaugurationFirst Quarter StormPlaza Miranda bombingVietnam WarMartial lawProclamation No. 1081Kilusang Bagong LipunanHuman rights abusesTortureRolex 12Escalante MassacreChico River Dam ProjectMasagana 99Bataan Nuclear Power PlantJournalismResistance ReligiousIndigenousWorkersProtest artProtest musicThird and fourth terms1981 election and referendum3rd inaugurationAssassination of Benigno Aquino Jr.1986 election4th inaugurationPeople Power RevolutionFamilyMariano (father)Pacifico (brother)Imelda (wife)Bongbong (son)Imee (daughter)Irene (daughter)Aimee (daughter)Unexplained wealthOverseas landholdingsMarcos mansionsMarcos jewelsTallano gold conspiracy theoryLegacyBurialHistorical distortionBustDaytoy ni BannawagMarcos loyalismSolid NorthMarcos Japanese ODA scandalOperation Big BirdMarcos in filmNonoy Marcelo's Tadhana: History of the Filipino PeopleRelated"Conjugal dictatorship"Edifice complexThe burial of Ferdinand Marcos, a former Philippine President who ruled as a dictator for 20 years, took place on November 18, 2016, at the Libingan ng mga Bayani (lit.'Cemetery of (the) Heroes') in Fort Andres Bonifacio, Taguig, Metro Manila, Philippines.
Marcos familyFilipino political familyEarly lifeMilitary careerStonehill scandalPrime MinisterPresidencyExecutive ordersCult of personalityEconomyMonopoliesCroniesCoco Levy Fund scamGintong AlayTimelineCommunist insurgencyMoro conflictFirst term1965 election1st Inaugurationbalance of payments crisisSecond term1969 electioncampaign2nd InaugurationFirst Quarter StormPlaza Miranda bombingVietnam WarMartial lawProclamation No. 1081Kilusang Bagong LipunanHuman rights abusesTortureRolex 12Escalante MassacreChico River Dam ProjectMasagana 99Bataan Nuclear Power PlantJournalismResistance ReligiousIndigenousWorkersProtest artProtest musicThird and fourth terms1981 election and referendum3rd inaugurationAssassination of Benigno Aquino Jr.1986 election4th inaugurationPeople Power RevolutionFamilyMariano (father)Pacifico (brother)Imelda (wife)Bongbong (son)Imee (daughter)Irene (daughter)Aimee (daughter)Unexplained wealthOverseas landholdingsMarcos mansionsMarcos jewelsTallano gold conspiracy theoryLegacyBurialHistorical distortionBustDaytoy ni BannawagMarcos loyalismSolid NorthMarcos Japanese ODA scandalOperation Big BirdMarcos in filmNonoy Marcelo's Tadhana: History of the Filipino PeopleRelated"Conjugal dictatorship"Edifice complex 17th President of the PhilippinesIncumbentPolitical campaigns2016 vice presidential electionVP campaign2022 Philippine presidential electioncampaignendorsementsPresidencyPresidential transitionInaugurationAdministration and cabinet (2025 reshuffle)Major actsExecutive orders19th Congress20th CongressInternational trips2024 State visit by Bongbong Marcos to Brunei2026 State visit by Bongbong Marcos to JapanProtestsSpeeches State of the Nation Address20222023202420252026Sugar crisisOnion crisis2023 airspace closure2024 constitutional reform attemptsFirst impeachment of Sara DuterteIglesia ni Cristo protestsResponse to the ICC caseArrest of Rodrigo DutertePro-Duterte protestsAttempts to arrest Ronald dela RosaFlood control projects scandalProtestsEnergy crisisSecond impeachment of Sara DuterteImpeachment effortsPoliciesSIM Registration ActBuild Better More4PH ProgramLove the PhilippinesNew Agrarian Emancipation ActMaharlika Investment FundBagong PilipinasEarly political careerRepresentative of Ilocos Norte's second districtGovernor of Ilocos NorteSenatorFamilyLiza Araneta Marcos(wife)Sandro Marcos(son)Vinny Marcos(son)Ferdinand Marcos(father)Imelda Marcos(mother)Imee Marcos(sister)Irene Marcos(sister)RelatedKilusang Bagong LipunanNacionalista PartyPartido Federal ng PilipinasUniTeamHistorical distortion regarding Ferdinand MarcosMarcos loyalismUnexplained wealth of the Marcos familySolid NorthThe Marcos family (UK: , US: , Tagalog:) is a political family in the Philippines.
Ferdinand MarcosPersonal detailsBornFerdinand Emmanuel Edralin Marcos(1917-09-11)September 11, 1917Sarrat, Ilocos Norte, Philippine IslandsDiedSeptember 28, 1989(1989-09-28) (aged 72)Honolulu, Hawaii, USResting placeFerdinand E. Marcos Presidential Center, Batac, Ilocos Norte (1993–2016)Libingan ng mga Bayani, Taguig, Metro Manila (since2016; disputed)PartyKBL (1978–1989)Other politicalaffiliationsLiberal (1946–1964)Nacionalista (1964–1978)SpousesCarmen Ortega (common‑law)(before 1954)Imelda Romualdez(m.1954)Children9, including Imee, Bongbong, Irene, and AimeeParentsMariano Marcos (father)Josefa Edralin (mother)RelativesMarcos familyEducationUniversity of the Philippines Manila (LL.B)OccupationJuristlawyerpoliticianSignatureNicknamesApo LakayFerdieMacoyMilitary serviceAllegiancePhilippinesUnited StatesYears of service1942–1945RankFirst lieutenantMajorUnit21st Infantry Division (USAFFE)14th Infantry Regiment (USAFIP-NL)Battles/warsWorld War IICriminal chargesMurdercontempt of court (1939)Criminal penalty10–17 years imprisonment (1940)Criminal statusAcquitted on appeal (1940)Speaking in a Press Conference requesting the Armed Forces of the Philippines to "disperse the crowd without shooting them" as a response to mass protests against his presidency (Recorded on February 24, 1986)Early lifeMilitary careerStonehill scandalPrime MinisterPresidencyExecutive ordersCult of personalityEconomyMonopoliesCroniesCoco Levy Fund scamGintong AlayTimelineCommunist insurgencyMoro conflictFirst term1965 election1st Inaugurationbalance of payments crisisSecond term1969 electioncampaign2nd InaugurationFirst Quarter StormPlaza Miranda bombingVietnam WarMartial lawProclamation No. 1081Kilusang Bagong LipunanHuman rights abusesTortureRolex 12Escalante MassacreChico River Dam ProjectMasagana 99Bataan Nuclear Power PlantJournalismResistance ReligiousIndigenousWorkersProtest artProtest musicThird and fourth terms1981 election and referendum3rd inaugurationAssassination of Benigno Aquino Jr.1986 election4th inaugurationPeople Power RevolutionFamilyMariano (father)Pacifico (brother)Imelda (wife)Bongbong (son)Imee (daughter)Irene (daughter)Aimee (daughter)Unexplained wealthOverseas landholdingsMarcos mansionsMarcos jewelsTallano gold conspiracy theoryLegacyBurialHistorical distortionBustDaytoy ni BannawagMarcosismSolid NorthMarcos Japanese ODA scandalOperation Big BirdMarcos in filmNonoy Marcelo's Tadhana: History of the Filipino PeopleRelated"Conjugal dictatorship"Edifice complexFerdinand Emmanuel Edralin Marcos Sr. (September 11, 1917 – September 28, 1989) was a Filipino lawyer, dictator, and kleptocrat who served as the tenth president of the Philippines from 1965 to 1986.Historical negationismHistorical negationism, also called historical denialism, is the falsification, trivialization, or distortion of the historical record. This is distinct from historical revisionism, a broader term encompassing academic reinterpretations of history driven by new evidence or reasoning.
Ferdinand Marcos's cult of personalityEarly lifeMilitary careerStonehill scandalPrime MinisterPresidencyExecutive ordersCult of personalityEconomyMonopoliesCroniesCoco Levy Fund scamGintong AlayTimelineCommunist insurgencyMoro conflictFirst term1965 election1st Inaugurationbalance of payments crisisSecond term1969 electioncampaign2nd InaugurationFirst Quarter StormPlaza Miranda bombingVietnam WarMartial lawProclamation No. 1081Kilusang Bagong LipunanHuman rights abusesTortureRolex 12Escalante MassacreChico River Dam ProjectMasagana 99Bataan Nuclear Power PlantJournalismResistance ReligiousIndigenousWorkersProtest artProtest musicThird and fourth terms1981 election and referendum3rd inaugurationAssassination of Benigno Aquino Jr.1986 election4th inaugurationPeople Power RevolutionFamilyMariano (father)Pacifico (brother)Imelda (wife)Bongbong (son)Imee (daughter)Irene (daughter)Aimee (daughter)Unexplained wealthOverseas landholdingsMarcos mansionsMarcos jewelsTallano gold conspiracy theoryLegacyBurialHistorical distortionBustDaytoy ni BannawagMarcos loyalismSolid NorthMarcos Japanese ODA scandalOperation Big BirdMarcos in filmNonoy Marcelo's Tadhana: History of the Filipino PeopleRelated"Conjugal dictatorship"Edifice complexFerdinand Marcos developed a cult of personality in order to stay in power for 20 years as president of the Philippines, a dictatorship marked by political corruption and human rights violations.
History of the Philippines (1965–1986)Early lifeMilitary careerStonehill scandalPrime MinisterPresidencyExecutive ordersCult of personalityEconomyMonopoliesCroniesCoco Levy Fund scamGintong AlayTimelineCommunist insurgencyMoro conflictFirst term1965 election1st Inaugurationbalance of payments crisisSecond term1969 electioncampaign2nd InaugurationFirst Quarter StormPlaza Miranda bombingVietnam WarMartial lawProclamation No. 1081Kilusang Bagong LipunanHuman rights abusesTortureRolex 12Escalante MassacreChico River Dam ProjectMasagana 99Bataan Nuclear Power PlantJournalismResistance ReligiousIndigenousWorkersProtest artProtest musicThird and fourth terms1981 election and referendum3rd inaugurationAssassination of Benigno Aquino Jr.1986 election4th inaugurationPeople Power RevolutionFamilyMariano (father)Pacifico (brother)Imelda (wife)Bongbong (son)Imee (daughter)Irene (daughter)Aimee (daughter)Unexplained wealthOverseas landholdingsMarcos mansionsMarcos jewelsTallano gold conspiracy theoryLegacyBurialHistorical distortionBustDaytoy ni BannawagMarcos loyalismSolid NorthMarcos Japanese ODA scandalOperation Big BirdMarcos in filmNonoy Marcelo's Tadhana: History of the Filipino PeopleRelated"Conjugal dictatorship"Edifice complexThe history of the Philippines from 1965 to 1986, known as the Marcos era, covers the unitary government and the dictatorship of Ferdinand Marcos.
Politics of the PhilippinesPolitics in the Philippines are governed by a three-branch system of government. The country is a democracy, with a president who is directly elected by the people and serves as both the head of state and the head of government. The president serves as the leader of the executive branch and is a powerful political figure. A president may only hold office for one six-year term.
PhilippinesArchipelagic country in Southeast AsiaThe Philippines, officially the Republic of the Philippines, is an archipelagic country in Southeast Asia. Located in the western Pacific Ocean, it consists of about 7,641 islands, with a total area of about 300,000 square kilometers. The islands are broadly categorized in three main geographical divisions. From north to south, the divisions are: Luzon, Visayas, and Mindanao.
Cult of personalityIdolization of a leader A cult of personality, or a cult of the leader, is the result of an effort to create an idealized and heroic image of an admirable leader, often through unquestioning flattery and praise.
Whitewashing (communications)Whitewashing is the act of minimizing or covering up vices, crimes or scandals, or of exonerating the guilty by means of a perfunctory investigation or biased presentation of data with the intention to improve someone's reputation. EtymologyWhitewash is a white paint or coating of chalked lime that can be used to quickly give a uniform clean appearance to a wide variety of surfaces, such as the interior of a barn.*As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases.