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High-voltage direct current

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A high-voltage direct current (HVDC) system uses direct current (DC) and high voltages (currently between 100 kV and 800 kV) for electric power transmission. It contrasts with the more common alternating current (AC) transmission systems. HVDC lines are commonly used for long-distance power transmission, since they require fewer conductors and incur less power loss than equivalent AC lines. HVDC also allows power transmission between AC transmission systems that are not synchronized.

Electric power transmissionElectric power transmissionBulk movement of electrical energyDirect currentDirect currentDirect current (DC) is one-directional flow of electric charge. An electrochemical cell is a prime example of DC power. Direct current may flow through a conductor such as a wire, but can also flow through semiconductors, insulators, or even through a vacuum as in electron or ion beams. The electric current flows in a constant direction, distinguishing it from alternating current (AC). A term formerly used for this type of current was galvanic current.High voltageHigh voltageHigh voltage is an electrical potential large enough to cause injury or damage. In certain industries, high voltage refers to voltage above a nominal threshold. Equipment and conductors that carry high voltage warrant special safety requirements and procedures.Synchronization (alternating current)Synchronization (alternating current)In an alternating current (AC) electric power system, synchronization is the process of matching the frequency, phase and voltage of a generator or other source to an electrical grid in order to transfer power. If two unconnected segments of a grid are to be connected to each other, they cannot safely exchange AC power until they are synchronized.Alternating currentAlternating currentAlternating current (AC) is an electric current that periodically reverses direction and changes its magnitude continuously with time, in contrast to direct current (DC), which flows only in one direction. Alternating current is the form in which electric power is delivered to businesses and residences, and it is the form of electrical energy that consumers typically use when they plug kitchen appliances, televisions, fans and electric lamps into a wall socket.Soviet UnionSoviet UnionThe Soviet Union, officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR), was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from its formation in 1922 until its dissolution in 1991. It was the world's third-most populous country, the largest by area, and bordered twelve other countries.SwedenSwedenCountry in northern EuropeSweden, formally the Kingdom of Sweden, is a Nordic country located on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. It borders Norway to the west and north, and Finland to the east, and shares a maritime border with Denmark to the south. At 450,295 square kilometres (173,860 sq mi) and with a population of 10.6 million, Sweden is the largest and most populous Nordic country, and is the fifth-largest country in Europe.MoscowMoscowCapital and most populous city of RussiaCapital city and federal cityMoscow is the capital and largest city of Russia, situated on the Moskva River in Central Russia. The city has a population estimated at more than 13 million residents within city limits, more than 19.1 million residents in the urban area, and more than 21.5 million residents in the metropolitan area.GermanyGermanyCountry in EuropeGermany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Western and Central Europe. It lies between the Baltic Sea and the North Sea to the north with the Alps to the south. Its 16 constituent states have a total population of over 83 million, making it the most populous member state of the European Union (EU).KashiraKashiraKashira (Russian: Каши́ра) is a town and the administrative center of Kashirsky District in Moscow Oblast, located on the Oka River 115 kilometers (71 mi) south of Moscow. Population: 41,870 (2010 census); 40,898 (2002 census); 44,110 (1989 Soviet census). HistoryIt was first mentioned in 1356 as the village of Koshira (Кошира) named after the Koshira River (today's ).ASEAASEAAllmänna Svenska Elektriska Aktiebolaget (English translation: General Swedish Electrical Joint-Stock Company; Swedish abbreviation: ASEA) was a Swedish industrial company. HistoryASEA was founded in 1883 by Ludvig Fredholm in Västerås as a manufacturer of electrical light and generators.VoltVoltThe volt (symbol: V), named after Alessandro Volta, is the unit of measurement of electric potential, electric potential difference (voltage), and electromotive force in the International System of Units (SI). DefinitionOne volt is defined as the electric potential between two points of a conducting wire when an electric current of one ampere dissipates one watt of power between those points.

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