Roman RepublicPeriod of Roman history (c. 509 – 27 BC)
Roman Empire27 BC–476/1453 AD state and civilization
Ancient GreeceAncient Greece (Ancient Greek: Ἑλλάς, romanized: Hellás) was an ancient civilization existing from the Greek Dark Ages of the 12th–9th centuries BC to the end of classical antiquity (c. 600 AD), comprising a loose collection of culturally and linguistically related city-states and regions, primarily centered in the northeastern area of the . Prior to the Roman period, most of this area was officially unified only once, from 338 to 323 BC under the Kingdom of Macedon.
Macedonian WarsThe Macedonian Wars (214–148 BC) were a series of conflicts fought by the Roman Republic and its Greek allies in the eastern against several different major Greek kingdoms. They resulted in Roman control or influence over Greece and the rest of the eastern basin, in addition to their hegemony in the western Mediterranean after the Pyrrhic and Punic Wars.
Fourth Macedonian WarBelligerentsRoman RepublicAttalid kingdomAchaean LeagueMacedonThracian alliesCarthageCommanders and leadersP. Cornelius Scipio NasicaPublius Juventius Thalna †Quintus Caecilius MetellusAndriscusTeres IIIBarsabasPseudo-AlexanderThe Fourth Macedonian War (150–148 BC) was fought between Macedon, led by the pretender Andriscus, and the Roman Republic.
GreeceGreece, officially the Hellenic Republic, is a country in Southeastern Europe. It occupies the southern tip of the Balkan peninsula, with a population of around 10 million. With nine regions and thousands of islands, it has the longest coastline on the . The Ionian Sea is west of the mainland, Albania northwest, and North Macedonia and Bulgaria north. Turkey is east both by land and the Aegean Sea.
Greek languageGreek (Modern Greek: ελληνικά, romanized: elliniká; Ancient Greek: ἑλληνική, romanized: hellēnikḗ) is an Indo-European language, constituting an independent Hellenic branch within the Indo-European language family. It is native to the territories that have had populations of Greeks since antiquity: Greece, Cyprus, Egypt, Turkey, Italy (in Calabria and Salento), southern Albania, and other regions of the Balkans, Caucasus, the Black Sea coast, and the .
GreeksGreeks or Hellenes (; Greek: Έλληνες, Éllines) are an ethnic group and nation native to Greece, Cyprus, southern Albania, Turkey, southern Italy, parts of Egypt, and to a lesser extent, other countries surrounding the and Black Sea. They also form a significant diaspora (omogenia) around the world.
Achaean WarBelligerentsRoman RepublicAchaean LeagueCommanders and leadersMetellus MacedonicusLucius MummiusCritolaos†Diaeus†The Achaean War of 146 BC was fought between the Roman Republic and the Greek Achaean League, an alliance of Achaean and other Peloponnesian states in ancient Greece. It was the final stage of Rome's conquest of mainland Greece, taking place just after the Fourth Macedonian War.
Late antiquityThe Barberini ivory, a late Leonid/JustinianByzantineivory leaf from an imperial diptych, from an imperial workshop in Constantinople in the first half of the 6th century (Louvre)LocationKey eventsCrisis of the Third CenturyCivil Wars of the TetrarchyFall of the Western Roman EmpireVandalic WarGothic WarByzantine–Sasanian warsEarly Muslim conquestsByzantine–Lombard warsLate antiquity is a period of Eurasian, , and Near Eastern history conventionally placed between the third and seventh centuries CE.
Geography of GreeceGreece is a country in Southeastern Europe, on the Balkan Peninsula. It is bordered to the north by Albania, North Macedonia and Bulgaria; to the east by Turkey, and is surrounded to the east by the Aegean Sea, to the south by the Cretan and the Libyan seas, and to the west by the Ionian Sea which separates Greece from Italy.
LatinLatin (lingua Latina or Latinum) is a classical language belonging to the Italic branch of the Indo-European languages. Latin was originally spoken by the Latins in Latium (now known as Lazio), the lower Tiber area around Rome, Italy. Through the expansion of the Roman Republic, it became the dominant language in the Italian Peninsula and subsequently throughout the Roman Empire.*As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases.