West AfricaWesternmost region of the African continentRegions of the African Union: Northern Western Southern Eastern Central Note that Ceuta and Melilla in Northern Africa are parts of Spain.West Africa, also known as Western Africa, is the westernmost region of Africa.
Fula languageSenegambian language of West and Central Africa Fulaفولا (Arabic)Peul (French)Fulfulde 𞤊𞤵𞤤𞤬𞤵𞤤𞤣𞤫 ࢻُلْࢻُلْدٜPulaar 𞤆𞤵𞤤𞤢𞥄𞤪 ݒُلَارْPular 𞤆𞤵𞤤𞤢𞤪 بُۛلَرNative toWestern AfricaRegionSahelEthnicityFulaSpeakersL1: 37 million (2014–2021)L2: 2.7 million (2019)Language familyNiger–Congo?
SudanSudan, officially the Republic of the Sudan, is a country in Northeast Africa. It borders the Central African Republic to the southwest, Chad to the west, Libya to the northwest, Egypt to the north, the Red Sea to the east, Eritrea and Ethiopia to the southeast, and South Sudan to the south. Sudan has a population of 51.8 million people as of 2025 and occupies 1,886,068 square kilometres (728,215 square miles), making it Africa's third-largest country by area.
SaharaThe Sahara (, ) is a desert spanning North Africa. With an area of 9,200,000 square kilometres (3,600,000 sq mi), it is the largest hot desert in the world and the third-largest desert overall, smaller only than the deserts of Antarctica and the northern Arctic. The desert covers much of North Africa, excluding the fertile region on the coast, the Atlas Mountains of the Maghreb, and the Nile Valley in Egypt and the Sudan.
Central AfricaCentral Africa (French: Afrique centrale; Spanish: África central; Portuguese: África Central) is a subregion of the African continent comprising various countries according to different definitions.
South SudanCountry in East AfricaSouth Sudan (), officially the Republic of South Sudan, is a landlocked country in East Africa. It is bordered by Sudan to the north, Ethiopia to the east, Kenya to the southeast, Uganda to the south, the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the southwest, and the Central African Republic to the west. South Sudan's diverse landscape includes vast plains and plateaus, dry and tropical savannahs, inland floodplains, and forested mountains.
PastoralismPastoralism is a form of animal husbandry where domesticated animals (known as "livestock") are released onto large vegetated outdoor lands (pastures) for grazing, historically by nomadic people who moved around with their herds. The animal species involved include cattle, camels, goats, yaks, llamas, reindeer, horses, and sheep. Those who practice pastoralism are called "pastoralists".
SahelThe Sahel region (; from Arabic ساحلsāḥil, "coast, shore"), or Sahelian acacia savanna, is a biogeographical region in Africa. It is the transition zone between the more humid Sudanian savannas to its south and the drier Sahara to the north. The Sahel has a hot semi-arid climate and stretches across the southernmost latitudes of North Africa between the Atlantic Ocean and the Red Sea.
DarfurDarfur is a region of western Sudan covering 493,180 square kilometers (190,420 sq mi). It consists largely of a semi-desert plateau, with the volcanic Marrah Mountains in its center, and is divided into five federal states: Central, East, North, South, and West Darfur. The Daju people established the first historically attested kingdom in Darfur by the 12th century and were succeeded by the Tunjur people in the 14th century.
Red SeaArm of the Indian Ocean between Asia and Africa This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page. (Learn how and when to remove these messages) This article needs more citations. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources.
NomadNomads are communities without fixed habitation who regularly move to and from areas. Such groups include hunter-gatherers, pastoral nomads (owning livestock), tinkers and trader nomads. In the twentieth century, the population of nomadic pastoral tribes slowly decreased, reaching an estimated 30–40 million nomads in the world as of 1995.
MuslimsMuslims (Arabic: المسلمون, romanized: al-Muslimūn, lit. 'submitters [to God]') are people who are adherents of Islam, a monotheistic religion belonging to the Abrahamic tradition. They consider the Quran, the foundational religious text of Islam, to be the verbatim word of the God of Abraham (or Allah) as it was revealed to Muhammad, the last Islamic prophet.
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