United Nations Security CouncilThe United Nations Security Council (UNSC or UN Security Council) is one of the six principal organs of the United Nations, and is the United Nations' executive branch, having primary responsibility for the maintenance of international peace and security. Its powers, outlined in the UN Charter, include establishing peacekeeping operations, authorizing military action, and imposing international sanctions.
French colonial empireThe French colonial empire (French: Empire colonial français) consisted of the overseas colonies, protectorates, and mandate territories that came under French rule from the 16th century onward. A distinction is generally made between the "first French colonial empire", that existed until 1814, by which time most of it had been lost or sold, and the "second French colonial empire", which began with the conquest of Algiers in 1830.
Free FranceFree France (French: France libre) was a resistance government claiming to be the legitimate government of France following the dissolution of the Third Republic during World War II. Led by General Charles de Gaulle, Free France was established as a government-in-exile in London in June 1940 after the Fall of France to Nazi Germany.
Axis powersMajor alliance of World War IIFlags of Germany, Japan, and Italy draping the facade of the Embassy of Japan on the Tiergartenstraße in Berlin (September 1940)Germany's FührerAdolf Hitler (right) beside Italy's DuceBenito Mussolini (left)Japan's Prime MinisterHideki Tojo (center) with fellow government representatives of the Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere. To the left of Tojo, from left to right: Ba Maw from Burma, Zhang Jinghui, Wang Jingwei from China.
French ResistanceFrench rebel groups that fought Nazi Germany in World War IIBelligerents GermanySupported by:Vichy FranceResistance groups(formalised as French Forces of the Interior after June 1944)Supported by:United KingdomUnited StatesCommanders and leadersOtto von StülpnagelC.H. von StülpnagelCarl ObergJoseph DarnandRené BousquetJean Moulin Georges BidaultLouis SaillantMarie-Pierre KœnigUnits involvedWehrmacht HeerWaffen-SSGeheime FeldpolizeiGestapoMilice • Franc-GardeGMRBCRACNRFTPFBrutus NetworkDutch-ParisMaquisThe Cross of Lorraine, chosen by General Charles de Gaulle as the symbol of the ResistanceThe French Resistance (French: La Résistance) was a resistance movement made of a collection of different revolutionary groups that fought the Nazi occupation and the collaborationistVichy regime in France during the Second World War.
Allies of World War IIMilitary coalition in World War II"Long live the victory of the Anglo-Soviet-American military alliance!" – USSR stamp of 1943, quoting StalinThe Allies, or Allied powers, formally referred to as the United Nations from 1942, were an international military coalition formed during World War II (1939–1945) to oppose the Axis powers. Its principal members were the "Big Four"—the United Kingdom, the Soviet Union, the United States, and China.
German EmpireGerman state from 1871 to 1918Today part ofGermanyPolandRussiaLithuaniaFranceDenmarkBelgiumNetherlandsCzech RepublicArea and population not including colonial possessionsThe German Empire (German: Deutsches Reich), also referred to as Imperial Germany or the Second Reich, was the period of the German Reich from the unification of Germany in 1871 until the November Revolution in 1918, when Germany changed its form of government to a republic.
Allies of World War IMilitary coalition in World War IThe Allies or the Entente (UK: , US: ) was an international military coalition of countries led by the French Republic, the United Kingdom, the Russian Empire, the United States, the Kingdom of Italy, and the Empire of Japan against the Central Powers of the German Empire, Austria-Hungary, the Ottoman Empire, and the Tsardom of Bulgaria in World War I (1914–1918).
British EmpireThe British Empire comprised the dominions, colonies, protectorates, mandates, and other territories ruled or administered by the United Kingdom and its predecessor states. It began with the overseas possessions and trading posts established by England in the late 16th and early 17th centuries, and colonisation attempts by Scotland during the 17th century.
Franco-Prussian WarBelligerentsBefore 4 September 1870:Second French EmpireAfter 4 September 1870:French Third RepublicRedshirtsBefore 18 January 1871:North German ConfederationPrussiaSaxonyHesseand 19 smaller statesBavariaWürttembergBadenAfter 18 January 1871:German EmpireCommanders and leadersNapoleon III(POW)François BazainePatrice MacMahon (WIA)Abel Douay†Charles FrossardFrançois CanrobertAuguste Ducrot(POW)Emmanuel WimpffenJean Margueritte (DOW)Louis TrochuLéon GambettaJoseph VinoyJustin ClinchantGiuseppe GaribaldiWilhelm IOtto von BismarckHelmuth MoltkeCrown Prince FrederickFriedrich KarlKarl SteinmetzAlbrecht RoonEdwin ManteuffelLudwig IIJakob HartmannHugo KirchbachEduard PestelStrengthTotal deployment: 2,000,740Initial strength: 909,951492,585 active, including 300,000 reservists417,366 Garde MobilePeak field army strength: 710,000Total deployment: 1,494,412Initial strength: 938,424730,274 regulars and reservists208,150 LandwehrPeak field army strength: 949,337Casualties and losses756,285138,871 dead143,000 wounded474,414 captured or interned144,64244,781 dead89,732 wounded10,129 missing or captured450,000 total French civilians dead ~250,000 civilians dead, including 162,000 Germans in a smallpox epidemic spread by French POWs Until 4 September 1870.
West BerlinWest Berlin (German: Berlin (West) or West-Berlin, German pronunciation: [ˈvɛstbɛʁˌliːn] ) was a political enclave which comprised the western part of Berlin from 1948 until 1990, during the Cold War. Although West Berlin was de jure not part of West Germany, lacked any sovereignty, and was under military occupation until German reunification in 1990, the territory was claimed by the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG).
Allied-occupied GermanyPost-World War II occupation of Germany Occupation of Germany1945–1949Map of Germany from 1947 under Allied occupation Saar Protectorate (de facto not a part of Germany) French occupation zone British occupation zone American occupation zone Soviet occupation zoneThe four sectors and exclaves of BerlinStatusMilitary occupationHistory • Surrender of German armed forces 8 May 1945• Allied Control Council 5 June 1945• Saar Protectorate 17 December 1947• West Germany 23 May 1949• East Germany 7 October 1949 ^ The two American exclaves in the British sector is the state of Bremen.*As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases.