Ācārāṅga SūtraThe Ācārāṅga Sūtra, the foremost and oldest Jain text (First book c. 5th–4th century BCE; Second book c. Late 4th–3rd century BCE), (3rd c. BCE) is the first of the twelve Angas, part of the agamas which were compiled based on the teachings of 24th TirthankaraMahavira.
SallekhanaSallekhana (IAST: sallekhanā), also known as samlehna, santhara, samadhi-marana or sanyasana-marana, is a supplementary vow to the ethical code of conduct of Jainism. It is the religious practice of voluntarily fasting to death by gradually reducing the intake of food and liquids. It is viewed in Jainism as the thinning of human passions and the body, and another means of destroying rebirth-influencing karma by withdrawing all physical and mental activities.
Śrāvaka (Jainism)In Jainism, the word Śrāvaka or Sāvaga (from Jain Prakrit) is used to refer to the Jain laity (householders). The word śrāvaka has its roots in the word śrāvana, i.e. the one who listens (to the discourses of the saints). The tirthankara restores or organises the sangha, a fourfold order of muni (male monastics), aryika (female monastics), śrāvakas (male followers) and śrāvikās (female followers).Dharma (Jainism)Jain texts assign a wide range of meaning to the Sanskritdharma or Prakritdhamma. It is often translated as “religion” and as such, Jainism is called Jain Dharma by its adherents. In Jainism, the word "Dharma" is used to refer the following: religion; dharmastikaay (the principle of motion) as a dravya (substance or a reality); the true nature of a thing; and ten virtues like forgiveness, etc., also called ten forms of dharma.
PuruṣārthasiddhyupāyaPuruṣārthasiddhyupāya is a major Jain text authored by Amritchandra. Acharya Amritchandra was a Digambara monk who lived in the tenth century (Vikram Samvat). Puruṣārthasiddhyupāya deals with the conduct of householder (śrāvaka) in detail. Another major Jain text that deals with householder's conduct is Ratnakaranda śrāvakācāra. Puruṣārthasiddhyupāya also deals extensively with the Jain concept of ahiṃsā.
Jain monasticismJain monasticism refers to the order of monks and nuns in the Jain community and can be divided into two major denominations: the Digambara and the Śvētāmbara. The monastic practices of the two major denominations vary greatly, but the major principles of both are identical. Five mahāvratas (Great Vows), from Mahavira's teachings, are followed by all Jain ascetics of both the sects.
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Tattvartha SutraTattvārthasūtra, meaning "On the Nature [artha] of Reality [tattva]" (also known as Tattvarth-adhigama-sutra or Moksha-shastra) is a Jain text written by Acharya Umaswami in Sanskrit between the 2nd and 5th centuries CE. The Tattvārthasūtra is regarded as one of the earliest, most authoritative texts in Jainism. It is accepted as authoritative in both its major sub-traditions – Digambara and Śvētāmbara – as well as the minor sub-traditions.*As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases.