MEAN (solution stack)MEAN (MongoDB, Express.js, AngularJS (or Angular), and Node.js) is a source-availableJavaScriptsoftware stack for building dynamic web sites and web applications. A variation known as MERN replaces Angular with React.js front-end, and another named MEVN use Vue.js as front-end. Because all components of the MEAN stack support programs that are written in JavaScript, MEAN applications can be written in one language for both server-side and client-side execution environments.
Sinatra (software)Sinatra is a free and open-source softwareweb application library and domain-specific language written in Ruby. It is an alternative to other Ruby web application frameworks, such as Ruby on Rails, Merb, Nitro, and Camping. It is dependent on the Rack web server interface. It is named after musician Frank Sinatra. Designed and developed by Blake Mizerany, Sinatra is small and flexible.
Node.jsNode.js is a cross-platform, open-sourceJavaScriptruntime environment that can run on Windows, Linux, Unix, macOS, and more. Node.js runs on the V8JavaScript engine, and executes JavaScript code outside a web browser. According to the Stack Overflow Developer Survey, Node.js is one of the most commonly used web technologies. Node.js allows developers to use JavaScript for writing command line tools and server-side scripting.
Free and open-source softwareFreely licensed software with open codeScreenshot of free and open-source software: Debian running KDE Plasma, Firefox, Dolphin, VLC, LibreOffice Writer, GIMP, and KCalcFree and open-source software (FOSS) is software available under a license that gives users the right to use, share, modify, and distribute the software — modified or not — to everyone and provides the means to exercise those rights using the software's source code.
Web applicationApplication that uses a web browser as a client Screenshot from 2007 of Horde, a groupware and open-source web application A web application (or web app) is application software that is created with web technologies and runs via a web browser. Web applications emerged during the late 1990s and allowed the server to dynamically build a response to a request, in contrast to static web pages. Web applications are commonly distributed via a web server.
Web frameworkA web framework (WF), web application framework (WAF), or web development framework is a software framework that is designed to support the development of web applications including web services, web resources, and web APIs. Web frameworks provide a standard way to build and deploy web applications on the World Wide Web. Web frameworks aim to automate the overhead associated with common activities performed in web development.
MongoDBMongoDB is a source-available, cross-platform, document-oriented database program. Classified as a NoSQL database product, MongoDB uses JSON-like documents (called BSON) with optional schemas. Released in February 2009 by 10gen (now MongoDB Inc.), it supports features like sharding, replication, and ACID transactions (from version 4.0). MongoDB Atlas, its managed cloud service, operates on AWS, Google Cloud Platform, and Microsoft Azure.
De facto standardA de facto standard is a custom or convention that is commonly used even though its use is not required. De facto is a Latin phrase (literally ""), here meaning "in practice but not necessarily ordained by law" or "in practice or actuality, but not officially established". A de facto standard contrasts an international standard which is defined by an organization such as International Standards Organization, or a standard required by law (also known as de jure standards).
APIAn application programming interface (API) is a connection between computers or between computer programs. It is a type of software interface, offering a service to other pieces of software. A document or standard that describes how to build such a connection or interface is called an API specification. A computer system that meets this standard is said to implement or expose an API. The term API may refer either to the specification or to the implementation.
MIT LicenseThe MIT License is a permissive software license originating at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in the late 1980s. As a permissive license, it puts few restrictions on reuse and has high license compatibility. Unlike copyleft software licenses, the MIT License allows reuse within proprietary software, provided that all copies of the software or its substantial portions include a copy of the terms of the MIT License and also a copyright notice.Front end and back endIn software development, front end refers to the presentation layer that users interact with, while back end refers to the data management and processing behind the scenes. "Full stack" refers to both together. In the client–server model, the client is usually considered the front end, handling most user-facing tasks, and the server is the back end, mainly managing data and logic.
JavaScriptHigh-level programming languageJavaScript (JS) is a programming language and core technology of the Web, alongside HTML and CSS. Created by Brendan Eich in 1995, it is maintained by Ecma International's TC39 technical committee, with related Web APIs maintained by W3C and WHATWG. As of 2025, JavaScript is the most widely used programming language on GitHub.*As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases.