Alexei KosyginAlexei Nikolayevich Kosygin (21 February [O.S. 8 February] 1904 – 18 December 1980) was a Soviet statesman who served as the Chairman of the Council of Ministers from 1964 to 1980. Following Nikita Khrushchev's removal from power, he briefly led the Soviet Union as part of a triumvirate in the mid-to-late 1960s. Alexei Kosygin was born in the city of Saint Petersburg in 1904 to a Russian working-class family.
History of the Soviet Union862–1240: Ancient Rus'Rurik • Baptism of Rus' • Russkaya Pravda • Council of Liubech • Council of Uvetichi • Mongol conquest1240–1547: Appanage RussiaBlack Death • Battle of Kulikovo • MuscoviteCivil War • Great Stand on the Ugra River • Sudebnik of 14971547–1917: Tsarist RussiaTime of Troubles • Zemsky Sobor • Treaty ofNystad • Petrovian reforms • Patriotic War • Decembrist Revolt • Emancipation reform • Russo-Japanese War • 1905 Revolution • October Manifesto • Second Patriotic War1917–1922: Russian RevolutionFebruary Revolution • Provisional Government • Dvoyevlastiye • July Days • Kornilov affair • Directorate • Constituent Assembly (election) • Bolshevik Coup • Civil War • White Guard • Red Army • Soviet-Polish War • PriamuryeGovt.
Leonid BrezhnevLeonid Ilyich Brezhnev (19 December 1906 – 10 November 1982) was a Soviet politician who served as General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from 1964 until his death in 1982. He also held office as Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet (head of state) from 1960 to 1964 and later from 1977 to 1982. His tenure as General Secretary and leader of the Soviet Union was second only to Joseph Stalin's in duration.
History of the Soviet Union (1964–1982)Leonid Brezhnev speaking at 18th Komsomol Congress opening (25 April 1978)LocationSoviet UnionIncludingCold WarLeaderLeonid BrezhnevKey events1965 Yerevan demonstrationsVietnam War30 September MovementIndonesian mass killings of 1965–66Indonesia–Malaysia confrontationSix-Day WarWarsaw Pact invasion of CzechoslovakiaThe TroublesCongo Crisis1973 Chilean coup d'étatDétenteAngolan Civil WarFall of SaigonDirty WarOgaden WarCambodian–Vietnamese WarSoviet–Afghan War1980 Summer Olympics1981 Polish hunger demonstrationsDeath and state funeral of Leonid Brezhnev862–1240: Ancient Rus'Rurik • Baptism of Rus' • Russkaya Pravda • Council of Liubech • Council of Uvetichi • Mongol conquest1240–1547: Appanage RussiaBlack Death • Battle of Kulikovo • MuscoviteCivil War • Great Stand on the Ugra River • Sudebnik of 14971547–1917: Tsarist RussiaTime of Troubles • Zemsky Sobor • Treaty ofNystad • Petrovian reforms • Patriotic War • Decembrist Revolt • Emancipation reform • Russo-Japanese War • 1905 Revolution • October Manifesto • Second Patriotic War1917–1922: Russian RevolutionFebruary Revolution • Provisional Government • Dvoyevlastiye • July Days • Kornilov affair • Directorate • Constituent Assembly (election) • Bolshevik Coup • Civil War • White Guard • Red Army • Soviet-Polish War • PriamuryeGovt.
Nikita KhrushchevLeader of the Soviet Union from 1953 to 1964First Secretary of the CPSU, 1953–1964Premier of the Soviet Union, 1958–1964Khrushchev Thaw20th Party CongressOn the Cult of Personality...22nd Party CongressDe-StalinizationRehabilitationSixtiersThe Thaw (novel)One Day in the Life of Ivan DenisovichDomestic policyTransfer of CrimeaSeven-year planCorn campaignVirgin Lands campaign (Tselinny Krai)Anti-Party GroupThird Program of the CPSUSovnarkhozyKhrushchevkiAnti-religious campaignMonetary reformDomestic unrest1956 Georgian demonstrations1958 Grozny riotsNovocherkassk massacreForeign policyPeaceful coexistenceHindi rusi bhai bhaiHungarian Revolution of 1956Kitchen Debate1959 visit to the USSpace Race1961 Berlin CrisisCuban Missile CrisisSino-Soviet splitCatchphrases and incidentsKuzma's motherWe will bury youShoe-banging incidentManege AffairCommunism in 20 yearsBibliographyBibliography of Stalinism and the Soviet UnionBibliography of the Post Stalinist Soviet UniontNikita Sergeyevich Khrushchev (15 April [O.S. 3 April] 1894 – 11 September 1971) was the First Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from 1953 to 1964 and the Chairman of the Council of Ministers from 1958 to 1964.
Yuri AndropovYuri Vladimirovich Andropov (15 June[O.S. 2 June] 1914 – 9 February 1984) was a Soviet politician who served as the General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from late 1982 until his death in 1984. He previously served as the Chairman of the KGB from 1967 until 1982. Earlier in his career, Andropov served as the Soviet ambassador to Hungary from 1954 to 1957. During this period, he took part in the suppression of the 1956 Hungarian Uprising.
1973 oil crisisOAPEC petroleum embargoThe price of West Texas Intermediate from 1950 to 2000, adjusted for inflation (1947 prices)In October 1973, the Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries (OAPEC) announced that it was implementing a total oil embargo against countries that had supported Israel at any point during the 1973 Yom Kippur War, which began after Egypt and Syria launched a large-scale surprise attack in an ultimately unsuccessful attempt to recover the territories that they had lost to Israel during the 1967 Six-Day War.
Konstantin ChernenkoKonstantin Ustinovich Chernenko (24 September[O.S. 11 September] 1911 – 10 March 1985) was a Soviet politician who served as the de jureleader of the Soviet Union from February 1984 until his death in March 1985. Born to a poor family in Siberia, Konstantin Chernenko joined the Komsomol in 1929 and became a full member of the ruling Communist Party of the Soviet Union in 1931.Developed socialismDeveloped socialism (Russian: Развито́й социали́зм), formally developed socialist society, is according to the historiography of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, a stage in the socialist mode of production that the Soviet Union claimed to have reached in 1961. No other communist state or party has ever claimed to have reached this stage.
Communism in 20 years"Communism in 20 years" was a slogan put forth by Nikita Khrushchev at the 22nd Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union in 1961. Khrushchev's quote from his speech at the Congress was from this phrase: "We are strictly guided by scientific calculations. And calculations show that in 20 years we will build mainly a communist society". In his speech, Khrushchev promised that the communist society would be built "in the main" by 1980.
Russian languageRussian is an East Slavic language belonging to the Balto-Slavic branch of the Indo-European language family. It is one of the four extant East Slavic languages, and is the native language of the Russian people. Russian was the de facto (and de jure in its final years) official language of the former Soviet Union.
Romanization of RussianThe romanization of the Russian language (the transliteration of Russian text from the Cyrillic script into the Latin script), aside from its primary use for including Russian names and words in text written in a Latin alphabet, is also essential for computer users to input Russian text who either do not have a keyboard or word processor set up for inputting Cyrillic, or else are not capable of typing rapidly using a native Russian keyboard layout (JCUKEN).*As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases.