National Congress of ChileThe National Congress of Chile (Spanish: Congreso Nacional de Chile) is the legislative branch of the Republic of Chile. According to the current Constitution (Chilean Constitution of 1980), it is a bicameral organ made up of a Chamber of Deputies and a Senate. Established by law No. 18678, the city of Valparaíso is its official headquarters. Chile's congress is the oldest operational in Latin America and one of the oldest in Ibero-America.
President of ChileThe president of Chile (Spanish: Presidente de Chile), officially the president of the Republic of Chile (Spanish: Presidente de la República de Chile), is the head of state and head of government of the Republic of Chile. The president is responsible for both government administration and state administration.
Senate of Chile33°02′52″S71°36′21″W / 33.04778°S 71.60583°W / -33.04778; -71.60583The Senate of the Republic of Chile (Spanish: Senado de la República de Chile) is the upper house of Chile's bicameralNational Congress, together with the lower Chamber of Deputies. Its composition and powers are set out in Chapter V of the current Constitution of Chile. Each senator represents a senatorial constituency and is chosen by direct popular vote.
Binomial voting systemThe binomial system (Spanish: Sistema binominal) is a voting system that was used in the legislative elections of Chile between 1989 and 2013. The system utilizes the D'Hondt method with an open list where every constituency returns two (hence the name) representatives to the legislative body. The fact that only two candidates are elected in each district results in the peculiarity where the second most supported list is over-represented.
Proportional representationVoting system that makes outcomes proportional to vote totalsOn the left are the results of the last first-past-the-postelection in New Zealand before the implementation of mixed-member proportional representationin 1996. PR systems aim to align vote percentage with seat distribution.
Compulsory votingPractice of requiring all eligible citizens to register and vote in elections Part of the Politics seriesVoting Balloting Ballots Absentee ballot Provisional ballot Sample ballot Candidates and Ballot measures Write-in candidate Electorate Slate Ticket Collection Ballot box Compulsory voting Early voting Electronic voting Open ballot Polling place Postal voting Precinct Vote center Voting booth Counting Popular vote Tally Voting machine Electoral systems Winner-take-all systems First-past-the-post voting Two-round system Instant-runoff voting Plurality-at-large voting General ticket Usual judgment Proportional and semi-proportional systems Single non-transferable vote Cumulative voting Binomial system Party-list Single transferable voting Spare vote Mixed-member systems Mixed-member proportional Mixed-member majoritarian Additional member system Mixed single vote (positive vote transfer) Scorporo (negative vote transfer) Mixed ballot transferable vote Alternative Vote Plus Dual-member proportional Rural–urban proportional Majority bonus system Parallel voting Voting strategies Issue voting Fusion voting Public opinion Split-ticket voting Lesser-evil voting Straight-ticket voting Tactical voting Vote pairing Protest votes Abstention Donkey vote Election boycott None of the above Refused ballot Spoilt vote Voting patterns and effects Coattail effect Voting advice application Likely voter Paradox of voting Passive electioneering Vote splitting Political apathy Voter fatigue Voter turnout Protest votes Electoral fraud and prevention Ballot harvesting Ballot stuffing Carousel voting Family voting Voter intimidation Vote buying Voter suppression Voter caging Prevention Biometric voter registration Election ink Secret ballot Voter identification laws Voter invitation card Voter registration End-to-end verifiable voting Politics portalvte Compulsory voting, also called universal civic duty voting or mandatory voting, is the requirement that registered voters participate in an election.Primary electionPrimary elections or primaries are elections held to determine which candidates will run in an upcoming general election. In a partisan primary, a political party selects a candidate. Depending on the state or party, there may be an "open primary", in which all voters are eligible to participate, or a "closed primary", in which only members of a political party can vote. Less common are nonpartisan primaries in which all candidates run regardless of party.
Chamber of Deputies of ChileThe Chamber of Deputies (Spanish: Cámara de Diputadas y Diputados) is the lower house of Chile's bicameral Congress. Together with the Senate, it forms the National Congress, which is chiefly responsible, alongside the President of the Republic, for the drafting and passage of legislation. Its organisation and its powers and duties are defined in Chapter V (articles 42 to 59) of Chile's current constitution.Head of statePublic persona of a sovereign stateA head of state is the highest ranking official in a sovereign state. They may also be the head of government, or they may merely perform ceremonial duties. A head of state can be a monarch (a king or a prince) or a president. In a parliamentary system, such as India or the United Kingdom, the head of state usually has mostly ceremonial powers, with a separate head of government.Head of governmentThe head of government serves as the highest official in the executive branch of a state. The head of government usually handles the day to day affairs of the state, and leads the ministers who control the government. In many democratic systems the head of state is also the head of government. In non democratic systems the head of government is usually established via military intervention.
BicameralismBicameralism is a type of legislature that is divided into two separate assemblies, chambers, or houses, known as a bicameral legislature. Bicameralism is distinguished from unicameralism, in which all members deliberate and vote as a single group. As of 2022, roughly 40% of the world's national legislatures are bicameral, while unicameralism represents 60% nationally and much more at the subnational level.
ReferendumA referendum, plebiscite, or ballot measure is a directvote by the electorate (rather than their representatives) on a proposal, law, or political issue. A referendum may be either binding, resulting in the adoption of a new policy, or consultive (or advisory), functioning like a large opinion poll.*As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases.