Chinese Communist PartyGoverning party of the People's Republic of ChinaAbbreviationChinese中共Hanyu PinyinZhōnggòngTibetan nameTibetanཀྲུང་གོ་གུང་ཁྲན་ཏངZhuang nameZhuangCunghgoz GungcanjdangjMongolian nameMongolian CyrillicДундад улсын (Хятадын) Эв хамт (Kоммунист) НамMongolian scriptᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ(ᠬᠢᠲᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ)ᠡᠪ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤ(ᠺᠣᠮᠮᠤᠶᠢᠨᠢᠰᠲ)ᠨᠠᠮUyghur nameUyghurجۇڭگو كوممۇنىستىك پارتىيىسى The Communist Party of China (CPC), commonly known as the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), is the founding and sole governing party of the People's Republic of China (PRC).
New Fourth ArmyThe New Fourth Army (N4A; simplified Chinese: 新四军; traditional Chinese: 新四軍; pinyin: Xīn Sì Jūn) was a military unit nominally under the banner of the National Revolutionary Army (NRA) of the Republic of China, established in 1937 as part of the Second United Front during the Second Sino-Japanese War.
Second Sino-Japanese War1937–1945 conflict in East AsiaBelligerentsChinaKuomintangCommunist Party of ChinaSoviet Volunteer GroupAmerican Volunteer GroupUnited StatesChina Burma India theaterJapanManchukuoWang Jingwei regimeMengjiangNorth China Political CouncilCommanders and leadersKMT:Chiang Kai-shekHe YingqinChen ChengBai ChongxiCheng QianXu YongchangCPC:Mao ZedongZhu DeYe TingChen YiS.E.A.C.:Lord MountbattenJoseph StilwellSun Li-jenLiao YaoxiangImperial General HQ:HirohitoKan'in KotohitoHajime SugiyamaHideki TojoYoshijirō UmezuNorth China Area Army:Hisaichi TerauchiHayao TadaCentral China Area Army:Iwane MatsuiOtozō Yamada:Shunroku HataToshizō NishioYasuji OkamuraUnits involvedSee combatantsStrength 16 million+ totalNationalists1.7 million (1937)2.6 million (1939)5.7 million (1945)Communists640,000 (1937)166,700 (1938)488,744 (1940)1.2 million (1945) 4.1 million totalJapan600,000 (1937)1,015,000 (1939)1,124,900 (1945) (excluding Manchuria and Burma campaign)Puppet states900,000–1,006,086 (1945)Casualties and lossesOfficial Nationalist data1,319,958 killed1,761,335 wounded130,116 missing3,211,409 total casualtiesWestern Estimate2,000,000+ killedCommunist data160,603–161,067 killed285,669–290,467 wounded87,208 missing45,989 POWs446,736 to 584,267 total casualtiesTotal3.85 million casualties1 million+ captured266,800–1,000,000 POWs deadJapanese medical data455,700–700,000 military dead900,000 wounded22,293+ captured1.5~ million total casualtiesPuppet state forces288,140–574,560 dead742,000 woundedMiddle estimate: 960,000 dead and woundedTotal2.4–3.0 million casualties 12,000,000+ civilian deaths14,000,000–22,000,000 total deaths 35,000,000 total Chinese casualties (Chinese claim)^From December 1941.^Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek was the Supreme Allied Commander in the China Theater, meaning U.S. forces technically fell under his overall command.
World War IIGlobal conflict from 1939 to 1945BelligerentsAlliesAxisCommanders and leadersMain Allied leaders: Joseph StalinFranklin D. RooseveltWinston ChurchillChiang Kai-shekMain Axis leaders: Adolf HitlerHirohitoBenito MussoliniCasualties and losses 60–75 million deaths (military and civilian) World War II, or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945), was a global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies and the Axis powers.
Second United FrontThe Second United Front (traditional Chinese: 第二次國共合作; simplified Chinese: 第二次国共合作; pinyin: dì èr cì guógòng hézuò; lit. 'Second Nationalist-Communist Cooperation') was the alliance between the ruling Kuomintang (KMT) and the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) to resist the Imperial Japanese invasion of China during the Second Sino-Japanese War, which suspended the Chinese Civil War from 1937 to 1945.
Mao ZedongLeader of China from 1949 to 1976Courtesy nameSimplified Chinese润之Traditional Chinese潤之Central institution membership 1964–1976: Member, National People's Congress 1954–1959: Member, National People's Congress 1938–1976: Member, 6th, 7th, 8th, 9th, 10th Politburo 1938–1976: Member, 6th, 7th, 8th, 9th, 10th Central Committee Other offices held 1954–1959: Chairman of the People's Republic of China 1954–1976: Chairman, CCP Central Military Commission 1954–1959: President and Chairman, National Defence Council 1954–1976: Honorary Chairman, CPPCC National Committee 1949–1954: Chairman, Central People's Revolutionary Military Commission 1949–1954: Chairman, CPPCC National Committee 1949–1954: Chairman, PRC Central People's Government 1943–1956: Chairman, CCP Central Secretariat 1936–1949: Chairman, CCP Central Military Commission Paramount Leader ofthe People's Republic of China(Inaugural holder)Hua Guofeng→PersonalEarly lifeFormer ResidenceDeath and state funeralMemorial HallIdeologyMaoismThird WorldismMarxism–Leninism–MaoismGonzalo ThoughtPrachanda PathLeader of China1945 election as CCP leaderTenureRevolutionLand Reform MovementProclamationKorean WarCampaign to Suppress CounterrevolutionariesThree-anti and Five-anti CampaignsFirst five-year planFive Principles of Peaceful CoexistenceBandung ConferenceSufan movementHundred Flowers CampaignAnti-Rightist CampaignCanton FairGreat Leap ForwardGreat Chinese FamineTwo Bombs, One SatelliteSeven Thousand Cadres ConferenceSocialist Education MovementThird FrontCultural RevolutionAbolition of the presidencyUN representationRichard Nixon visitWorksBombard the HeadquartersA Critique of Soviet EconomicsOn ContradictionOn Guerrilla WarfareOn New DemocracyOn PracticeOn Protracted WarOn the Correct Handling ofContradictions Among the PeopleOn the People's Democratic DictatorshipOn the Ten Major RelationshipsOppose Book WorshipQuotations from Chairman Mao Tse-tungReply to Li ShuyiHunan ReportSelected Works of Mao Tse-TungThe Shian Kian Weekly ReviewPoetryChangshaThe Double NinthLoushan PassLegacyCult of personalityChairman Mao en route to AnyuanPortraits overlooking Tiananmen1989 vandalism incidentStatues YoungFuzhouChengduLong Live the VictoryNorth Park Commune inspectiontMao Zedong (26 December 1893 – 9 September 1976) was a Chinese revolutionary, political theorist, and dictator who founded the People's Republic of China (PRC) and served as its paramount leader from 1949 until his death in 1976 primarily through his role as the Chairman of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP).
Chinese Red ArmyThe Chinese Red Army, formally the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army (中國工農紅軍) or just the Red Army (紅軍), was the military wing of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) from 1911 to 1949. It was formed when Communist elements of the National Revolutionary Army (NRA) splintered and mutinied in the Nanchang Uprising.Traditional Chinese charactersTraditional Chinese characters are one of two standardized character sets used to write the Chinese language, with the other being simplified characters. Traditional characters predominated in written Chinese, the historical lingua franca of East Asia, until the mid-20th century. Today, they are used in Taiwan, Hong Kong, and Macau, as well as in most overseas Chinese communities outside of Southeast Asia.
Simplified Chinese charactersStandardized set of Chinese characters This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page. (Learn how and when to remove these messages) This article needs more citations. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources.
PinyinScheme for the Chinese Phonetic AlphabetSimplified ChineseTraditional ChineseLiteral meaningscheme of spelled Han language sounds This article contains phonetic transcriptions in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA). For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see .National Revolutionary ArmyThe National Revolutionary Army (NRA; 國民革命軍) was the military arm of the Kuomintang (KMT) from 1924 until 1947. The NRA was formed in 1924 from the Cantonese military forces that supported Sun Yat-sen and the KMT.Field armyA field army (also known as numbered army or simply army) is a military formation in many armed forces, composed of two or more corps. It may be subordinate to an army group. Air armies are the equivalent formations in air forces, and fleets in navies. A field army is usually composed of 80,000 to 300,000 soldiers.*As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases.