Consistency modelIn computer science, a consistency model specifies a contract between the programmer and a system, wherein the system guarantees that if the programmer follows the rules for operations on memory, memory will be consistent and the results of reading, writing, or updating memory will be predictable.
Memory coherenceMemory coherence is an issue that affects the design of computer systems in which two or more processors or cores share a common area of memory. In a uniprocessor system (where there exists only one core), there is only one processing element doing all the work and therefore only one processing element that can read or write from/to a given memory location.
Cache coherenceIn computer architecture, cache coherence is the uniformity of shared resource data that is stored in multiple local caches. In a cache coherent system, if multiple clients have a cached copy of the same region of a shared memory resource, all copies are the same. Without cache coherence, a change made to the region by one client may not be seen by others, and errors can result when the data used by different clients is mismatched.
Address spaceIn computing, an address space defines a range of discrete addresses, each of which may correspond to a network host, a peripheral device, a disk sector, a physical memory location, a virtual memory location, or another logical or physical entity. Address spaces are created by combining enough uniquely identified qualifiers to make an address unambiguous within the address space.
Network interface controllerA network interface controller (NIC, also known as a network interface card, network adapter, LAN adapter and physical network interface) is a computer hardware component that connects a computer to a computer network. Early network interface controllers were commonly implemented on expansion cards that plugged into a computer bus.
Memory architectureMethods used to implement electronic computer data storage Memory architecture describes the methods used to implement electronic computer data storage in a manner that is a combination of the fastest, most reliable, most durable, and least expensive way to store and retrieve information. Depending on the specific application, a compromise of one of these requirements may be necessary in order to improve another requirement.
Random-access memoryRandom-access memory (RAM; ) is a form of electronic computer memory that can be read and changed in any order, typically used to store working data and machine code.
Computer clusterA computer cluster is a group of autonomous computers that work together so that they can be viewed as a single system. Unlike grid computers, computer clusters have each node set to perform the same task, controlled and scheduled by software. The newest manifestation of cluster computing is cloud computing.
Computer scienceStudy of computationFundamental areas of computer scienceProgramming language theoryComputer architectureArtificial intelligenceComputational complexity theoryComputer science is the study of computation, information, and automation, together with their associated phenomena.Processor (computing)In computing and computer science, a processor or processing unit is an electrical component (digital circuit) that performs operations on an external data source, usually memory or some other data stream. The term is frequently used to refer to the central processing unit (CPU), the main processor in a system. It can also refer to other specialized processors such as graphics processing units (GPU), quantum processing units (QPU), and digital signal processors (DSP).
Node (computer networking)In networking, a node (Latin: nodus, 'knot') is either a redistribution point or a communication endpoint within telecommunication networks or computer networks. A physical network node is an electronic device that is attached to a network, and is capable of creating, receiving, or transmitting information over a communication channel.Shared-memory architectureA shared-memory architecture (SM) is a distributed computing architecture in which the nodes share the same memory as well as the same storage. It contrasts with shared-nothing architecture, in which each node has distinct memory and storage, and with shared-disk architecture, in which the nodes share the same storage but not the same memory. This is distinct from the use of shared memory between different programs or threads on a single node, with or without multiprocessing.*As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases.