Civil rights movement1954–1968 U.S. social movementLead figuresMartin Luther King Jr.James BevelRosa ParksJohn LewisBayard RustinDwight D. EisenhowerJohn F. KennedyLyndon B. JohnsonGeorge WallaceStrom ThurmondHarry F. ByrdThe civil rights movement was a social movement in the United States from 1954 to 1968 which aimed to abolish legalized racial segregation, discrimination, and disenfranchisement in the country, which most commonly affected African Americans.
Jim Crow lawsLaws enforcing racial segregation in the U.S.The Jim Crow laws were state and local laws introduced in the Southern United States from the late 19th century to the mid-20th century that enforced racial segregation. The origin of the term Jim Crow is obscure, but probably refers to a minstrel show song called "Jump Jim Crow".
Oscar HandlinOscar Handlin (September 29, 1915 – September 20, 2011) was an American historian. As a professor of history at Harvard University for over 50 years, he directed 80 PhD dissertations and helped promote social and ethnic history, virtually inventing the field of immigration history in the 1950s. Handlin won the 1952 Pulitzer Prize for History for The Uprooted (1951).
JournalismJournalism is the production and distribution of reports on events, facts, ideas, and people that constitute the "news of the day" and inform society with a commitment to accuracy and verification. The word, a noun, applies to the occupation (professional or not), the methods of gathering information, and the organizing literary styles. The role of journalism varies across countries, as do perceptions of the profession and its status.
Equal opportunityAspect of social equalityEqual opportunity is a state of fairness in which individuals are treated similarly, unhampered by artificial barriers, prejudices, or preferences, except when particular distinctions can be explicitly justified.
World War IIGlobal conflict from 1939 to 1945BelligerentsAlliesAxisCommanders and leadersMain Allied leaders: Joseph StalinFranklin D. RooseveltWinston ChurchillChiang Kai-shekMain Axis leaders: Adolf HitlerHirohitoBenito MussoliniCasualties and losses 60–75 million deaths (military and civilian) World War II, or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945), was a global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies and the Axis powers.
Minority groupThe term "minority group" has different meanings, depending on the context. According to common usage, it can be defined simply as a group in society with the lowest number of individuals, or less than half of a population. Usually a minority group is disempowered relative to the majority, and that characteristic lends itself to different applications of the term minority.
Racial segregationRace or ethnic separation in daily lifeAfrican-American man drinking from a "Colored" water cooler in streetcar terminal, Oklahoma City, July 1939Racial segregation is the separation of people into racial or other ethnic groups in daily life. Segregation can involve the spatial separation of the races, and mandatory use of different institutions, such as schools and hospitals by people of different races.
San Francisco PeninsulaThe San Francisco Peninsula is a geographic peninsula in the San Francisco Bay Area that separates San Francisco Bay from the Pacific Ocean. On its northern tip is the City and County of San Francisco. Its southern base is in northwestern Santa Clara County. Most of the Peninsula is occupied by San Mateo County, which is between San Francisco and Santa Clara counties.
CultureSocial behavior and norms of a societySymbolic expression developed as prehistoric humans reached behavioral modernityReligion and expressive art are important aspects of human culture.Germans marching during a folk culture celebrationThe Acropolis of AthensWritings often create a sense of cultural identity, Ernest Hemingway writing.Culture ( or ) is a concept that encompasses the social behavior, institutions, and norms found in human societies, as well as the knowledge, beliefs, arts, laws, customs, capabilities, attitudes, and habits of the individuals in these groups.
MajorityA majority is more than half of a total; however, the term is commonly used with other meanings, as explained in the "Related terms" section below. It is a subset of a set consisting of more than half of the set's elements. For example, if a group consists of 31 individuals, a majority would be 16 or more individuals, while having 15 or fewer individuals would not constitute a majority.
Race (human categorization)Race is a categorization of humans based on shared physical or social qualities into groups generally viewed as distinct within a given society. The term came into common usage during the 16th century, when it was used to refer to groups of various kinds, including those characterized by close kinship relations. By the 17th century, the term began to refer to physical (phenotypical) traits, and then later national affiliations or perceived ancestry.*As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases.