Lossless compressionLossless compression is a class of data compression that allows the original data to be perfectly reconstructed from the compressed data with no loss of information. Lossless compression is possible because most real-world data exhibits statistical redundancy. By contrast, lossy compression permits reconstruction only of an approximation of the original data, though usually with greatly improved compression rates (and therefore reduced media sizes).
Redundancy (information theory)In information theory, redundancy (redundation) measures the fractional difference between the entropyH(X) of an ensemble X, and its maximum possible value log(|AX|){\displaystyle \log(|{\mathcal {A}}_{X}|)}. Informally, it is the amount of wasted "space" used to transmit certain data.
Lossy compressionIn information technology, lossy compression, or irreversible compression, is the class of data compression methods that uses inexact approximations and partial data discarding to represent the content. These techniques are used to reduce data size for storing, handling, and transmitting content. Higher degrees of approximation create coarser images as more details are removed.
Information theoryScientific study of digital informationInformation theory is the mathematical study of the quantification, storage, and communication of a particular type of mathematically defined information. The field was established and formalized by Claude Shannon in the 1940s, though early contributions were made in the 1920s through the works of Harry Nyquist and Ralph Hartley.
MP3MP3 (formally MPEG-1 Audio Layer III or MPEG-2 Audio Layer III) is an audio coding format developed largely by the Fraunhofer Society in Germany under the lead of Karlheinz Brandenburg.
BitThe bit is the most basic unit of information in computing and digital communication. The name is a portmanteau of binary digit. Its symbol is either "bit" (IEC standard) or lowercase "b" (IEEE standard). Use of the latter may create confusion with capital "B", which is the international standard symbol for the byte. The bit represents a logical state with one of two possible values.
InformationInformation is an abstract concept that refers to something which has the power to inform. At the most fundamental level, it pertains to the interpretation (perhaps formally) of that which may be sensed, or their abstractions. Any natural process that is not completely random and any observable pattern in any medium can be said to convey some amount of information.Space–time tradeoffA space–time trade-off (also known as time–memory trade-off or the algorithmic space-time continuum) in computer science is a trade-off where an algorithm or program increased space usage with decreased time. Here, space refers to the data storage consumed in performing a given task (RAM, HDD, etc.), and time refers to the time consumed in performing a given task (computation time or response time).
Data communicationData communication is the transfer of data over a point-to-point or point-to-multipoint communication channel. Data communication comprises data transmission and data reception and can be classified as analog transmission and digital communications. Analog data communication conveys voice, data, image, signal or video information using a continuous signal, which varies in amplitude, phase, or some other property.
Computational resourceIn computational complexity theory, a computational resource is a resource used by some computational models in the solution of computational problems. The simplest computational resources are computation time, the number of steps necessary to solve a problem, and memory space, the amount of storage needed while solving the problem, but many more complicated resources have been defined. A computational problem is generally defined in terms of its action on any valid input.
Data fileA data file is a computer file which stores data to be used by a computer application or system, including input and output data. A data file usually does not contain instructions or code to be executed (that is, a computer program). Most of the computer programs work with data files. Types of data filesData files can be stored in two ways: Text files;Binary files.Text filesA text file (also called ASCII files) stores information in ASCII characters.
Error correction codeIn computing, telecommunication, information theory, and coding theory, forward error correction (FEC) or channel coding is a technique used for controlling errors in data transmission over unreliable or noisy communication channels. The central idea is that the sender encodes the message in a redundant way, most often by using an error correction code, or error correcting code (ECC).*As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases.