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Collegium system

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The collegium system is a collegium where incumbent judges of the Supreme Court of India appoint judges to the Judiciary of India. It originated from three Supreme Court judgments (rendered in 1981, 1993, and 1998), collectively known as the Three Judges Cases. The system is alleged for being nepotistic and has faced widespread condemnation. HistoryEvolution of the conceptThe three Judges Cases are: S. P. Gupta v.

National Judicial Appointments CommissionNational Judicial Appointments CommissionThe National Judicial Appointments Commission (NJAC) was a proposed body which would have been responsible for the recruitment, appointment and transfer of judicial officers, legal officers and legal employees under the government of India and in all state governments of India.Judiciary of IndiaJudiciary of IndiaThe Judiciary of India (ISO: Bhārata kī Nyāyapālikā) is the system of courts that interpret and apply the law in the Republic of India. The Constitution of India provides concept for a single and unified judiciary in India. India uses a mixed legal system based majorly on the common law with civil laws applicable in certain territories in combination with certain religion specific personal laws. The judiciary is made in three levels with subsidiary parts.Supreme Court of IndiaSupreme Court of IndiaThe Supreme Court of India is the supreme judicial authority and the highest court in India. It is the highest appellate court for all civil and criminal cases in India. The court is led by the Chief Justice of India and has a maximum sanctioned strength of 37 judges excluding the chief justice.Chief Justice of IndiaChief Justice of IndiaThe Chief Justice of India (CJI) is the chief judge of the Supreme Court of India and the highest-ranking officer of the Indian judiciary. The Constitution of India grants power to the president of India to appoint the chief justice, as recommended by the outgoing chief justice in consultation with other judges of the Supreme Court. The chief justice serves until the age of 65 or if removed early by the constitutional process of impeachment.Constitution of IndiaConstitution of IndiaSupreme legal document of India since 1950The Constitution of India is the supreme legal document of India, and the longest written national constitution in the world. The document lays down the framework that demarcates fundamental political code, structure, procedures, powers, and duties of government institutions and sets out fundamental rights, directive principles, and the duties of citizens.Jasti ChelameswarJasti ChelameswarJasti Chelameswar (born 23 June 1953) is a former judge of the Supreme Court of India. He retired on 22 June 2018 as the second most senior Supreme Court judge. He was the chief justice of the Kerala High Court from 2010 to 2011 and of the Gauhati High Court from 2007 to 2010.P. SathasivamP. SathasivamPalanisamy Sathasivam (born 27 April 1949) is a retired Indian judge who served as the 40th Chief Justice of India, holding the office from 2013 to 2014. On retirement from his judicial career, Sathasivam was appointed the 21st Governor of Kerala from 5 September 2014 to 4 September 2019. Sathasivam is the second judge from Tamil Nadu to become the CJI, after M. Patanjali Sastri.K. R. NarayananK. R. NarayananKocheril Raman Narayanan (27 October 1920 – 9 November 2005) was an Indian diplomat, academician, and statesman who served as the president of India from 1997 to 2002 and vice president of India from 1992 to 1997. Narayanan was born in Perumthanam, Uzhavoor village, in the princely state of Travancore (present day Kottayam district, Kerala) into a Hindu family.Lok SabhaLok SabhaThe Lok Sabha, also known as the House of the People, is the lower house of the bicameral Parliament of India, where the upper house is Rajya Sabha. Members of the Lok Sabha are elected by an adult universal suffrage and a first-past-the-post system to represent their respective constituencies, and they hold their seats for five years or until the body is dissolved by the president of India on the advice of the union council of ministers.Question of lawQuestion of lawIn law, a question of law, also known as a point of law, is a question that must be answered by a judge and cannot be answered by a jury. Such a question is distinct from a question of fact, which must be answered by reference to facts and evidence as well as inferences arising from those facts. Answers to questions of law are generally expressed in terms of broad legal principles. They can be applied to many situations rather than particular circumstances or facts.NepotismNepotismNepotism is the act of granting an advantage, privilege, or position to relatives in an occupation or field. These fields can include retail, business, finance and accounting as well as politics, journalism, law, academia, entertainment, sports, religion, health care and social work. In concept, it is similar to cronyism. The term originated with the assignment of nephews, sons, or other relatives to important positions by Catholic popes and bishops.Standing (law)Standing (law)In law, standing or locus standi is a condition that a party seeking a legal remedy must show they have, by demonstrating to the court, sufficient connection to and harm from the law or action challenged to support that party's participation in the case.

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