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Buddhist texts

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Buddhist texts are religious texts that belong to, or are associated with, Buddhism and its traditions. There is no single textual collection for all of Buddhism. Instead, there are three main Buddhist Canons: the Pāli Canon of the Theravāda tradition, the Chinese Buddhist Canon used in East Asian Buddhist tradition, and the Tibetan Buddhist Canon used in Indo-Tibetan Buddhism. The earliest Buddhist texts were not committed to writing until some centuries after the death of Gautama Buddha.

Schools of BuddhismSchools of BuddhismThe schools of Buddhism are the various institutional and doctrinal divisions of Buddhism, which are based on various differences, such as geography, historical schisms and sectarianism, and the differing teachings and interpretations of Buddhist texts. The branching of Buddhism into separate schools has been occurring from ancient times up to the present, beginning with the first schism.Chinese Buddhist canonChinese Buddhist canonThe Chinese Buddhist canon refers to a traditional collection of Chinese language Buddhist texts which are the central canonical works of East Asian Buddhism. The traditional term for the canon is Great Storage of Scriptures (traditional Chinese: 大藏經; simplified Chinese: 大藏经; pinyin: Dàzàngjīng; Japanese: 大蔵経; rōmaji: Daizōkyō; Korean: 대장경; romaja: Daejanggyeong; Vietnamese: Đại tạng kinh).East Asian BuddhismEast Asian BuddhismEast Asian Buddhism or East Asian Mahayana is a collective term for the schools of Mahāyāna Buddhism which developed across East Asia and which rely on the Chinese Buddhist canon and other texts written in Literary Buddhist Chinese. These include the various forms of Chinese, Japanese, Korean, and Vietnamese Buddhism. East Asian Buddhists constitute the numerically largest body of Buddhist traditions in the world, numbering over half of the world's Buddhists.Buddhist canonsBuddhist canonsThere are several Buddhist canons, which refers to the various scriptural collections of Buddhist sacred scriptures or the various Buddhist scriptural canons. Some of these collections are also called Tipiṭaka (Pali:) or Tripiṭaka (Sanskrit:) , meaning "Triple Basket", a traditional term for the three main divisions of some ancient canons.Tibetan BuddhismTibetan BuddhismForm of Buddhism practiced in Tibet and globallyTibetan Buddhism is a branch of the Vajrayana tradition of Buddhism which developed in Tibet and is practised in parts of Asia. Tibetan Buddhism evolved as a form of Mahayana Buddhism stemming from the latest stages of Buddhism (which included many Vajrayana elements). It thus preserves many Indian Buddhist tantric practices of the post-Guptaearly medieval period (500–1200 CE), along with numerous native Tibetan developments.Gandhāran Buddhist textsGandhāran Buddhist textsThe Gandhāran Buddhist texts are the oldest Buddhist manuscripts yet discovered, dating from about the 1st century BCE to 3rd century CE and found in the northwestern outskirts of Pakistan. They represent the literature of Gandharan Buddhism and are written in the Gandhārī language, Middle Indo-AryanPrakrit. The texts constitute the largest collection of Gandhārī manuscripts known to date. Many of manuscripts are now housed at the Islamabad Museum in Pakistan.Tibetan Buddhist canonTibetan Buddhist canonThe Tibetan Buddhist canon is a compilation of the Buddhist sacred texts recognized by various schools of Tibetan Buddhism. The Canon includes the Kangyur, which is the Buddha's recorded teachings, and the Tengyur, which is commentaries by great masters on the Buddha's recorded teachings. The first translation into Tibetan of these manuscripts occurred in the 8th century and is referred to as the Ancient Translation School of the Nyingmas.BuddhismBuddhismIndian religion and philosophy The Kamakura Daibutsu, a 13th-century bronze statue of the Buddha Amitābha in Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan Part of a series onBuddhism Buddhists list Glossary Index Outline History Timeline The Buddha Pre-sectarian Buddhism Councils Silk Road transmission of Buddhism Decline in the Indian subcontinent Buddhist modernism DharmaConcepts Four Noble Truths Noble Eightfold Path Dharma wheel Five Aggregates Impermanence Suffering No-self Dependent Origination Middle Way Mettā Emptiness Morality Karma Rebirth Saṃsāra Cosmology Buddhist texts Buddhavacana Early Texts Tripiṭaka Mahayana Sutras Pāli Canon Sanskrit literature Tibetan canon Chinese canon Post-canon Practices Three Jewels Buddhist paths to liberation Five precepts Perfections Meditation Philosophical reasoning Devotional practices Merit making Recollections Mindfulness Wisdom Sublime abidings Aids to Enlightenment Monasticism Lay life Buddhist liturgy Buddhist chant Pilgrimage Vegetarianism Nirvāṇa Awakening Four Stages Arhat Pratyekabuddhayāna Bodhisattva Buddha Traditions Theravāda Pāli Mahāyāna Hinayana Chinese Vajrayāna Tibetan Navayana Newar Buddhism by country Bhutan Brazil Cambodia China India Indonesia Japan Korea Laos Malaysia Mongolia Myanmar New Zealand Russia Singapore US Sri Lanka Taiwan Thailand Tibet Vietnam Buddhism portalvte Part of a series onReligion Outline Index Timeline Aspects Behaviour Clergy Conversion Denomination Disaffiliation Education School Laity Monasticism Prayer Ritual Symbols Text Worship Beliefs Acosmism Animism Anthropopathism Dualism and Nondualism Fideism Mysticism Omnism Spiritualism Shamanism Transcendentalism Theism Classical theism Henotheism Monotheism Kathenotheism Panentheism Pantheism Polytheism Transtheism Concepts Afterlife Cult Deity Elite religion Experience Meditation Faith Folk religion Lived religion Miracle Mythology Prophecy Reincarnation Revelation Salvation Spirit Soul Supernatural Truth Society Discrimination Freedom Gender Happiness LGBTQ people Politics Science Sexuality Suicide Vegetarianism Violence Persecution War Wealth Studies Anthropology Cognitive science Comparative Eschatology Evolutionary origin Evolutionary psychology History Neurotheology Philosophy Psychology Sociology Soteriology Theology Theories about religion Religions Historical Ancient Egyptian Ancient Greek Gnosticism Ancient Roman Mithraism Ancient Mesopotamian Prehistoric Proto-Indo-Iranian World Buddhism Christianity Hinduism Jainism Islam Sikhism Indigenous African traditional Chinese Taoism Judaism Korean Native American Mandaeism Samaritanism Shinto Vietnamese Yazidism Zoroastrianism New Bábism Baháʼí Goddess Modern paganism New Age Tenrikyo UFO religion Raëlism Category Portalvte Buddhism, also known as Buddhadharma and Dharmavinaya (transl.TheravadaTheravāda (Pali: 𑀣𑁂𑀭𑀯𑀸𑀤, Theravāda; Sanskrit: स्थविरवाद, Sthaviravāda) is Buddhism's oldest existing school. The school's adherents, termed Theravādins (anglicized from Pali theravādī, 𑀣𑁂𑀭𑀯𑀸𑀤𑀻), have preserved their version of the Buddha's teaching or Dhamma in the Pāli Canon for over two millennia.Pali CanonPali CanonThe Pāḷi Canon is the standard collection of scriptures in the Theravada Buddhist tradition, as preserved in the Pāli language. It is the most complete extant early Buddhist canon. It derives mainly from the Tambapaṇṇiya school. According to Buddhist tradition, during the First Buddhist Council, three months after the parinibbana of Gautama Buddha in Rajgir, Ananda recited the Sutta Pitaka, and Upali recited the Vinaya Pitaka.The BuddhaThe BuddhaFounder of BuddhismSiddhartha Gautama, most commonly referred to as the Buddha (lit. 'the awakened one'), was a wandering religious teacher who lived in the eastern Indo-Gangetic Plains during the 6th or 5th century BCE and founded Buddhism. According to Buddhist legends, he was born in Lumbini, in what is now Nepal, to royal parents of the Shakya clan, but renounced his home life to live as a wandering ascetic.Religious textReligious textReligious texts, including scripture, are texts which various religions consider to be of central importance to their religious tradition. Religious texts are usually thought of as sacred or authoritative based on their recognition and use in a religious community. What is included as a religious text may vary between different cultures and historical contexts.transgressivetransgressiveRelated word or term.

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