Program counterA program counter (PC) is a register that stores where a computer program is being executed by a processor. It is also commonly called the instruction pointer (IP) in Intelx86 and Itaniummicroprocessors, and sometimes called the instruction address register (IAR), the instruction counter, or just part of the instruction sequencer. Usually, a PC stores the memory address of an instruction.
Memory addressIn computing, a memory address is a reference to a specific memory location in memory used by both software and hardware. These addresses are fixed-length sequences of digits, typically displayed and handled as unsignedintegers. This numerical representation is based on the features of CPU (such as the instruction pointer and incremental address registers). Programming language constructs often treat the memory like an array.
Conditional (computer programming)In computer programming, a conditionalstatement directs programcontrol flow based on the value of a condition; a Boolean expression. A conditional expression evaluates to a value without the side-effect of changing control flow. Many programming languages (such as C) have distinct conditional statements and expressions.
Computer programInstructions a computer can executeSource code for a computer program written in the JavaScript language. It demonstrates the appendChild() method. The method adds a new child node to an existing parent node. It is commonly used to dynamically modify the structure of an HTML document.A computer program is a sequence or set of instructions in a programming language for a computer to execute.
GotoIn computer programming, goto is a control flow statement that transfers control to another line of source code. Unlike a function call that supports returning to the point of call, goto does not. The statement is denoted differently by programming language; some use lowercase (goto), some use uppercase (GOTO), and others are case-insensitive. A few languages make the statement two words (i.e. GO TO).
Control flowIn software, control flow (or flow of control) describes how execution progresses from one command to the next. In many contexts, such as machine code and an imperativeprogramming language, control progresses sequentially (to the command located immediately after the currently executing command) except when a command transfers control to another point – in which case the command is classified as a control flow command.High-level programming languageA high-level programming language is a programming language with strong abstraction from the details of the computer. In contrast to low-level programming languages, it may use natural language elements, be easier to use, or may automate (or even hide entirely) significant areas of computing systems (e.g. memory management), making the process of developing a program simpler and more understandable than when using a lower-level language.
Stack (abstract data type)In computer science, a stack is an abstract data type that serves as a collection of elements with two main operations: Push, which adds an element to the collection, andPop, which removes the most recently added element.Additionally, a peek operation can, without modifying the stack, return the value of the last element added (the item at the top of the stack). The name stack is an analogy to a set of physical items stacked one atop another, such as a stack of plates.
Data structureIn computer science, a data structure is a way to organize and store data that is usually chosen for efficient access to data. More precisely, a data structure is the physical implementation of a data type, including specifications of the data organization and storage format, as well as functions or operations for working with this data. Data structures are closely related to abstract data types (ADTs).Function (computer programming)In computer programming, a function (also procedure, method, subroutine, routine, or subprogram) is a callable unit of software logic that has a well-formed interface and behavior and can be invoked multiple times. Callable units provide a powerful programming tool. The primary purpose is to enable the decomposition of a large and/or complicated problem into chunks that have relatively low cognitive load.
Central processing unitCentral computer component that executes instructionsCore i9-14900KF, a 2023 CPU made by IntelInside a central processing unit: The integrated circuit of Intel's Xeon 3060, first manufactured in 2006A central processing unit (CPU), also known as a central processor, main processor, or simply processor, is the primary processor in a given computer.*As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases.